And when the men of Israel that were on the other side of the valley, and they that were on the other side Jordan, saw that the men of Israel fled, and that Saul and his sons were dead, they forsook the cities, and fled; and the Philistines came and dwelt in them.

1 SAMUEL 31:7KJV
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What does 1 Samuel 31:7 mean?

1 Samuel 31:7 describes how, after seeing that the Israelite army had fled and that Saul and his sons were dead, the Israelites living on the other side of the valley and across the Jordan abandoned their towns and ran away. The Philistines then moved in and took over those deserted cities.

This verse shows the immediate aftermath of Israel’s defeat by the Philistines. The people who lived in nearby areas saw the collapse of their army and the death of their king, so they left their homes out of fear. The Philistines, Israel’s enemies, quickly took advantage of the situation and settled in the empty towns, showing a complete reversal of fortune for Israel.

The Hebrew behind 1 Samuel 31:7

  • "side" (עֵבֶר, ʿēver): This word is used twice, referring to both the "other side of the valley" and the "other side of Jordan." It emphasizes that people from both nearby and farther regions were affected and fled, not just those closest to the battle.
  • "forsook" (עָזַב, ʿāzav): This word means to leave behind or abandon. It highlights that the Israelites did not just leave temporarily; they truly abandoned their cities, showing the depth of their fear and loss.
  • "dwelt" (יָשַׁב, yāshav): This word means to settle or live in. The Philistines did not just pass through but actually took up residence in the abandoned Israelite towns, marking a significant loss of territory and security for Israel.

Why 1 Samuel 31:7 matters

  • This verse makes clear how total the defeat was for Israel—not only was the army routed, but the loss led to widespread panic and the abandonment of entire communities.
  • The mention of both sides of the valley and the Jordan shows the far-reaching impact of Saul’s defeat, affecting people well beyond the immediate battlefield.
  • The verse sets up the situation at the end of Saul’s reign, showing how Israel’s enemies gained ground and how the nation was left vulnerable, paving the way for the events that follow in 2 Samuel.

Where else these words appear

“valley” Hebrew H6010 · used in 64 verses

  • Genesis 14:3 All these were joined together in the vale of Siddim, which is the salt sea.
  • Judges 7:1 Then Jerubbaal, who is Gideon, and all the people that were with him, rose up early, and pitched beside the well of Harod: so that the host of the Midianites were on the north side of them, by the hill of Moreh, in the valley.
  • Job 39:21 He paweth in the valley, and rejoiceth in his strength: he goeth on to meet the armed men.

“side” Hebrew H5676 · used in 84 verses

  • Genesis 50:10 And they came to the threshingfloor of Atad, which is beyond Jordan, and there they mourned with a great and very sore lamentation: and he made a mourning for his father seven days.
  • Joshua 7:7 And Joshua said, Alas, O Lord GOD, wherefore hast thou at all brought this people over Jordan, to deliver us into the hand of the Amorites, to destroy us? would to God we had been content, and dwelt on the other side Jordan!
  • 2 Samuel 10:16 And Hadarezer sent, and brought out the Syrians that were beyond the river: and they came to Helam; and Shobach the captain of the host of Hadarezer went before them.

“fled” Hebrew H5127 · used in 143 verses

  • Genesis 14:10 And the vale of Siddim was full of slimepits; and the kings of Sodom and Gomorrah fled, and fell there; and they that remained fled to the mountain.
  • Judges 8:12 And when Zebah and Zalmunna fled, he pursued after them, and took the two kings of Midian, Zebah and Zalmunna, and discomfited all the host.
  • 1 Chronicles 19:14 So Joab and the people that were with him drew nigh before the Syrians unto the battle; and they fled before him.