Yea, they are greedy dogs which can never have enough, and they are shepherds that cannot understand: they all look to their own way, every one for his gain, from his quarter.

ISAIAH 56:11KJV
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What does Isaiah 56:11 mean?

Isaiah 56:11 describes leaders who are compared to greedy dogs that are never satisfied and shepherds who lack understanding, each seeking their own gain and not caring for others. The verse criticizes these leaders for being selfish and failing in their responsibility to guide and protect the people.

In this part of Isaiah, the prophet is speaking to the people of Israel, calling out their leaders for being self-centered and neglectful. The imagery of "greedy dogs" and "shepherds that cannot understand" paints a picture of those who should care for the community but instead focus only on their own interests. This warning comes in a context where God is challenging the people to live rightly and not follow the poor example of their leaders.

The Hebrew behind Isaiah 56:11

  • "Greedy" uses two Hebrew words: עַז (ʿaz, meaning "strong" or "fierce") and נֶפֶשׁ (nephesh, meaning "soul" or "appetite"), together describing an intense, never-satisfied craving. This highlights just how insatiable the leaders' desires are.
  • "Dogs" (כֶּלֶב, kelev) in ancient Israel were often seen as unclean scavengers, so calling leaders "dogs" is a strong insult, emphasizing their shameless greed.
  • "Shepherds" (רָעָה, raʿah) refers to those responsible for guiding the people, showing that the criticism is aimed at those in authority.
  • "Gain" (בֶּצַע, betsaʿ) means unjust profit or personal advantage, making clear that the leaders' motivation is selfish enrichment, not service.

Why Isaiah 56:11 matters

  • Isaiah 56:11 clears up any idea that leadership is just about position or power; it shows that true leaders are supposed to care for others, not just themselves.
  • The verse emphasizes how damaging selfishness and lack of understanding in leaders can be for an entire community.
  • Isaiah 56:11 connects to the wider passage by showing why God is displeased with Israel's leaders and why the people are being called to a higher standard.

Where else these words appear

“enough” Hebrew H7654 · used in 6 verses

  • Isaiah 23:18 And her merchandise and her hire shall be holiness to the LORD: it shall not be treasured nor laid up; for her merchandise shall be for them that dwell before the LORD, to eat sufficiently, and for durable clothing.
  • Isaiah 55:2 Wherefore do ye spend money for that which is not bread? and your labour for that which satisfieth not? hearken diligently unto me, and eat ye that which is good, and let your soul delight itself in fatness.
  • Ezekiel 39:19 And ye shall eat fat till ye be full, and drink blood till ye be drunken, of my sacrifice which I have sacrificed for you.

“greedy” Hebrew H5794 · used in 23 verses

  • Genesis 49:3 Reuben, thou art my firstborn, my might, and the beginning of my strength, the excellency of dignity, and the excellency of power:
  • Judges 14:18 And the men of the city said unto him on the seventh day before the sun went down, What is sweeter than honey? and what is stronger than a lion? And he said unto them, If ye had not plowed with my heifer, ye had not found out my riddle.
  • Proverbs 30:25 The ants are a people not strong, yet they prepare their meat in the summer;

“gain” Hebrew H1215 · used in 23 verses

  • Genesis 37:26 And Judah said unto his brethren, What profit is it if we slay our brother, and conceal his blood?
  • Proverbs 1:19 So are the ways of every one that is greedy of gain; which taketh away the life of the owners thereof.
  • Jeremiah 22:17 But thine eyes and thine heart are not but for thy covetousness, and for to shed innocent blood, and for oppression, and for violence, to do it.

“dogs” Hebrew H3611 · used in 31 verses

  • Exodus 11:7 But against any of the children of Israel shall not a dog move his tongue, against man or beast: that ye may know how that the LORD doth put a difference between the Egyptians and Israel.
  • 1 Kings 16:4 Him that dieth of Baasha in the city shall the dogs eat; and him that dieth of his in the fields shall the fowls of the air eat.
  • Psalms 22:20 Deliver my soul from the sword; my darling from the power of the dog.