Now when Tou king of Hamath heard how David had smitten all the host of Hadarezer king of Zobah;

1 CHRONICLES 18:9KJV
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What does 1 Chronicles 18:9 mean?

1 Chronicles 18:9 describes how Tou, the king of Hamath, heard news that David had defeated the entire army of Hadarezer, the king of Zobah. This verse highlights the spread of David’s military reputation and the attention it drew from neighboring rulers.

The verse is part of a historical account listing David’s victories over surrounding nations. Tou, ruling a city-state north of Israel, learns about David’s triumph over another regional power, Hadarezer. This sets up the following verses, where Tou responds to David’s success, showing the political impact of David’s growing strength.

The Hebrew behind 1 Chronicles 18:9

  • חֲמָת (ḥămāṯ, “Hamath”): This is the name of a significant city-state in Syria. Its mention shows the wide reach of David’s fame, as Hamath was not a close neighbor.
  • נָכָה (nāḵāh, “smitten”): This word often means to strike or defeat decisively. The use of this term emphasizes the completeness of David’s victory over Hadarezer’s forces.
  • חַיִל (ḥayil, “host”): This word can mean army, strength, or wealth. Here, it refers to the military force of Hadarezer, underlining the scale of David’s accomplishment.

Why 1 Chronicles 18:9 matters

  • The verse shows that David’s victories were significant enough to be noticed by other powerful leaders in the region, not just Israel’s immediate neighbors.
  • It sets up a diplomatic interaction in the next verses, where Tou seeks an alliance or peace with David, highlighting the shifting political landscape.
  • The verse helps readers see how David’s actions had ripple effects beyond Israel, influencing the broader balance of power in the ancient Near East.

Where else these words appear

“Tou” Hebrew H8583 · used in 4 verses

  • 2 Samuel 8:9 When Toi king of Hamath heard that David had smitten all the host of Hadadezer,
  • 2 Samuel 8:10 Then Toi sent Joram his son unto king David, to salute him, and to bless him, because he had fought against Hadadezer, and smitten him: for Hadadezer had wars with Toi. And Joram brought with him vessels of silver, and vessels of gold, and vessels of brass:
  • 1 Chronicles 18:10 He sent Hadoram his son to king David, to enquire of his welfare, and to congratulate him, because he had fought against Hadarezer, and smitten him;(for Hadarezer had war with Tou;) and with him all manner of vessels of gold and silver and brass.

“Hadarezer” Hebrew H1928 · used in 10 verses

  • 2 Samuel 10:16 And Hadarezer sent, and brought out the Syrians that were beyond the river: and they came to Helam; and Shobach the captain of the host of Hadarezer went before them.
  • 1 Chronicles 18:5 And when the Syrians of Damascus came to help Hadarezer king of Zobah, David slew of the Syrians two and twenty thousand men.
  • 1 Chronicles 18:10 He sent Hadoram his son to king David, to enquire of his welfare, and to congratulate him, because he had fought against Hadarezer, and smitten him;(for Hadarezer had war with Tou;) and with him all manner of vessels of gold and silver and brass.

“Zobah” Hebrew H6678 · used in 12 verses

  • 1 Samuel 14:47 So Saul took the kingdom over Israel, and fought against all his enemies on every side, against Moab, and against the children of Ammon, and against Edom, and against the kings of Zobah, and against the Philistines: and whithersoever he turned himself, he vexed them.
  • 2 Samuel 8:12 Of Syria, and of Moab, and of the children of Ammon, and of the Philistines, and of Amalek, and of the spoil of Hadadezer, son of Rehob, king of Zobah.
  • 1 Kings 11:23 And God stirred him up another adversary, Rezon the son of Eliadah, which fled from his lord Hadadezer king of Zobah:

“Hamath” Hebrew H2574 · used in 35 verses

  • Numbers 13:21 So they went up, and searched the land from the wilderness of Zin unto Rehob, as men come to Hamath.
  • 2 Kings 19:13 Where is the king of Hamath, and the king of Arpad, and the king of the city of Sepharvaim, of Hena, and Ivah?
  • Isaiah 37:13 Where is the king of Hamath, and the king of Arphad, and the king of the city of Sepharvaim, Hena, and Ivah?