For I have told him that I will judge his house for ever for the iniquity which he knoweth; because his sons made themselves vile, and he restrained them not.

1 SAMUEL 3:13KJV
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What does 1 Samuel 3:13 mean?

1 Samuel 3:13 means that God had already warned Eli that He would punish Eli’s family forever because Eli knew about his sons’ wrongdoing but did not stop them. The verse points out that Eli’s sons behaved in a corrupt way, and Eli failed to restrain or discipline them, so judgment was coming on his household.

In this verse, God is speaking to Samuel, explaining why judgment is coming upon Eli and his family. Eli was the high priest, and his sons were also priests, but they abused their position and acted wickedly. The verse highlights that Eli’s failure was not ignorance—he knew what his sons were doing (“the iniquity which he knoweth”)—but he did not take action to correct them, which made him responsible as well.

The Hebrew behind 1 Samuel 3:13

  • “judge” (שָׁפַט, shāfat): This word means to decide, govern, or bring justice. Here, it emphasizes that God is not just observing but actively bringing judgment on Eli’s family.
  • “house” (בַּיִת, bayit): This refers to Eli’s entire family or household, not just his physical home. The judgment is on his descendants and their role as priests.
  • “iniquity” (עָוֹן, avon): This word often means guilt or wrongdoing, especially with a sense of ongoing or serious moral failure. It highlights the seriousness of the sons’ actions.
  • “restrained” (כָּהָה, kahah): This word means to hold back or correct. The verse stresses that Eli did not restrain or discipline his sons, which is central to why God holds him accountable.

Why 1 Samuel 3:13 matters

  • 1 Samuel 3:13 clarifies that Eli’s failure was not just personal weakness but a serious neglect of his duty as a father and priest, especially since he knew about the wrongdoing.
  • The verse shows that spiritual leaders are held responsible not only for their own actions but also for addressing the misconduct of those under their care.
  • This verse connects to the wider story, explaining why God’s judgment falls so harshly on Eli’s family later in the book, and sets up Samuel’s role as a faithful leader in contrast.

Where else these words appear

“restrained” Hebrew H3543 · used in 7 verses

  • Genesis 27:1 And it came to pass, that when Isaac was old, and his eyes were dim, so that he could not see, he called Esau his eldest son, and said unto him, My son: and he said unto him, Behold, here am I.
  • Job 17:7 Mine eye also is dim by reason of sorrow, and all my members are as a shadow.
  • Ezekiel 21:7 And it shall be, when they say unto thee, Wherefore sighest thou? that thou shalt answer, For the tidings; because it cometh: and every heart shall melt, and all hands shall be feeble, and every spirit shall faint, and all knees shall be weak as water: behold, it cometh, and shall be brought to pass, saith the Lord GOD.

“vile” Hebrew H7043 · used in 79 verses

  • Genesis 8:8 Also he sent forth a dove from him, to see if the waters were abated from off the face of the ground;
  • 2 Samuel 16:9 Then said Abishai the son of Zeruiah unto the king, Why should this dead dog curse my lord the king? let me go over, I pray thee, and take off his head.
  • Psalms 109:28 Let them curse, but bless thou: when they arise, let them be ashamed; but let thy servant rejoice.

“for” Hebrew H5704 · used in 97 verses

  • Genesis 3:19 In the sweat of thy face shalt thou eat bread, till thou return unto the ground; for out of it wast thou taken: for dust thou art, and unto dust shalt thou return.
  • 1 Samuel 20:23 And as touching the matter which thou and I have spoken of, behold, the LORD be between thee and me for ever.
  • Job 38:11 And said, Hitherto shalt thou come, but no further: and here shall thy proud waves be stayed?