These are the words of the covenant, which the LORD commanded Moses to make with the children of Israel in the land of Moab, beside the covenant which he made with them in Horeb.

DEUTERONOMY 29:1KJV
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Deuteronomy 29:1 (KJV)

What does Deuteronomy 29:1 mean?

Deuteronomy 29:1 explains that God gave Moses instructions to establish a covenant with the Israelites in Moab, in addition to the earlier covenant made at Horeb (Mount Sinai). This verse marks a new formal agreement between God and the people, separate from the one made earlier in their journey.

In this setting, Moses is addressing the Israelites as they prepare to enter the promised land. The verse highlights that what follows is not just a repetition of the Sinai covenant, but a renewal or expansion of it, tailored to their current situation in Moab. This moment sets the stage for the rest of Moses’ speech and the commitments the people are about to make.

The Hebrew behind Deuteronomy 29:1

  • "Covenant" (בְּרִית, berit): This word means a binding agreement or treaty. Its use here emphasizes that the relationship between God and Israel is formal and solemn, not just a casual promise.
  • "Make" (כָּרַת, karat): Literally meaning "to cut," this verb is often used for making covenants, hinting at the ancient practice of cutting animals as part of covenant ceremonies. It underscores the seriousness of the agreement.
  • "Horeb" (חֹרֵב, Horev): This is another name for Mount Sinai, reminding the reader that the earlier covenant was given at a specific, significant location. Mentioning both Horeb and Moab shows these are two distinct covenant events.

Why Deuteronomy 29:1 matters

  • Deuteronomy 29:1 clarifies that the covenant in Moab is not just a repeat of the Sinai covenant but a new, additional agreement, which helps the reader understand the structure of Deuteronomy.
  • This verse sets the context for the following chapters, showing that Moses is about to deliver important instructions and commitments that build on, but are not limited to, what happened at Sinai.
  • By naming both Horeb and Moab, the verse highlights the ongoing relationship between God and Israel, showing that God’s guidance and promises continue as the people move forward into a new chapter of their history.

Where else these words appear

“Horeb” Hebrew H2722 · used in 17 verses

  • Exodus 3:1 Now Moses kept the flock of Jethro his father in law, the priest of Midian: and he led the flock to the backside of the desert, and came to the mountain of God, even to Horeb.
  • Deuteronomy 1:19 And when we departed from Horeb, we went through all that great and terrible wilderness, which ye saw by the way of the mountain of the Amorites, as the LORD our God commanded us; and we came to Kadeshbarnea.
  • Deuteronomy 18:16 According to all that thou desiredst of the LORD thy God in Horeb in the day of the assembly, saying, Let me not hear again the voice of the LORD my God, neither let me see this great fire any more, that I die not.