Therefore I went about to cause my heart to despair of all the labour which I took under the sun.

ECCLESIASTES 2:20KJV
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What does Ecclesiastes 2:20 mean?

Ecclesiastes 2:20 describes the speaker, traditionally understood as Solomon, reaching a point of deep discouragement about all the hard work he has done in life. He feels that his efforts “under the sun”—meaning in this earthly life—have led him to despair rather than satisfaction.

The verse comes in the middle of Solomon’s reflections on the seeming emptiness of human achievement. After pursuing wisdom, pleasure, and great projects, Solomon realizes that even his greatest labors cannot guarantee lasting meaning or control over what happens after he is gone. This verse marks a turning point where he admits his heart has grown weary and hopeless about the value of his toil.

The Hebrew behind Ecclesiastes 2:20

  • “Heart” (לֵב, lev): In Hebrew thought, the “heart” is not just emotions but the center of a person’s inner life, including thoughts and will. Here, it shows that Solomon’s discouragement is deep and personal, not just a passing feeling.
  • “Despair” (יָאֵשׁ, ya’esh): This word carries the sense of giving up hope or becoming completely discouraged. It highlights how thorough Solomon’s sense of futility is—he is not just disappointed but feels a kind of resignation.
  • “Labour” (עֲמָל, amal): This word means hard work, toil, or effort, often with a sense of burden or difficulty. It emphasizes that Solomon is not talking about idle pursuits but serious, sustained effort.

Why Ecclesiastes 2:20 matters

  • This verse clears up the idea that even the most diligent work can leave a person feeling empty if it is only focused on earthly gain “under the sun.”
  • Ecclesiastes 2:20 helps explain the emotional and spiritual cost of chasing after success or meaning apart from deeper purpose, setting up the book’s later reflections on what truly matters.
  • The verse connects to the wider passage by showing a turning point in Solomon’s search for meaning, helping readers see the honesty and depth of his struggle with life’s big questions.

Where else these words appear

“cause” Hebrew H2976 · used in 6 verses

  • 1 Samuel 27:1 And David said in his heart, I shall now perish one day by the hand of Saul: there is nothing better for me than that I should speedily escape into the land of the Philistines; and Saul shall despair of me, to seek me any more in any coast of Israel: so shall I escape out of his hand.
  • Job 6:26 Do ye imagine to reprove words, and the speeches of one that is desperate, which are as wind?
  • Jeremiah 2:25 Withhold thy foot from being unshod, and thy throat from thirst: but thou saidst, There is no hope: no; for I have loved strangers, and after them will I go.

“took” Hebrew H5998 · used in 11 verses

  • Psalms 127:1 A Song of degrees for Solomon. Except the LORD build the house, they labour in vain that build it: except the LORD keep the city, the watchman waketh but in vain.
  • Ecclesiastes 2:11 Then I looked on all the works that my hands had wrought, and on the labour that I had laboured to do: and, behold, all was vanity and vexation of spirit, and there was no profit under the sun.
  • Ecclesiastes 5:16 And this also is a sore evil, that in all points as he came, so shall he go: and what profit hath he that hath laboured for the wind?

“labour” Hebrew H5999 · used in 54 verses

  • Genesis 41:51 And Joseph called the name of the firstborn Manasseh: For God, said he, hath made me forget all my toil, and all my father's house.
  • Psalms 55:10 Day and night they go about it upon the walls thereof: mischief also and sorrow are in the midst of it.
  • Ecclesiastes 3:13 And also that every man should eat and drink, and enjoy the good of all his labour, it is the gift of God.

“sun” Hebrew H8121 · used in 127 verses

  • Genesis 15:12 And when the sun was going down, a deep sleep fell upon Abram; and, lo, an horror of great darkness fell upon him.
  • 2 Samuel 2:24 Joab also and Abishai pursued after Abner: and the sun went down when they were come to the hill of Ammah, that lieth before Giah by the way of the wilderness of Gibeon.
  • Ecclesiastes 5:18 Behold that which I have seen: it is good and comely for one to eat and to drink, and to enjoy the good of all his labour that he taketh under the sun all the days of his life, which God giveth him: for it is his portion.