Then went up Moses, and Aaron, Nadab, and Abihu, and seventy of the elders of Israel:

EXODUS 24:9KJV
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Exodus 24:9 (KJV)

What does Exodus 24:9 mean?

Exodus 24:9 describes how Moses, Aaron, Nadab, Abihu, and seventy elders of Israel went up together, following God’s instructions at Mount Sinai. This verse marks the beginning of a significant event where these leaders are invited to approach God more closely than the rest of the people.

The verse is set just after God has given the covenant laws to Israel through Moses. Moses is leading, with Aaron (his brother and future high priest), Aaron’s sons Nadab and Abihu, and seventy respected elders representing the people. This group is being set apart for a special encounter with God, highlighting their leadership roles and the seriousness of the covenant being established.

The Hebrew behind Exodus 24:9

  • The word "up" (עָלָה, alah) means to ascend or go up. In this context, it emphasizes the physical act of climbing the mountain, but it can also carry a sense of drawing nearer to God’s presence, which was understood to be higher or above.
  • "Seventy" (שִׁבְעִים, shiv`im) is a specific number that often represents completeness or a representative group in the Hebrew Bible. Here, it shows that the elders are a full, official delegation of Israel’s leadership.
  • "Elders" (זָקֵן, zaqen) refers to the recognized leaders or senior figures among the Israelites. Their inclusion signals that this is not just a family matter for Moses and Aaron but involves the broader leadership of the nation.
  • "Israel" (יִשְׂרָאֵל, Yisra’el) is the name for the whole people, reminding the reader that these leaders are representing all the tribes and families of Israel in this moment.

Why Exodus 24:9 matters

  • This verse shows that the covenant at Sinai was not just between God and Moses, but included the wider leadership of Israel, making it a communal event.
  • By naming Nadab and Abihu, who later play tragic roles, the verse foreshadows future events and highlights the seriousness of approaching God.
  • The act of going up together sets the stage for what follows in the chapter, where these leaders witness a unique revelation of God, underscoring the gravity and privilege of their roles.

Where else these words appear

“Abihu” Hebrew H30 · used in 12 verses

  • Exodus 6:23 And Aaron took him Elisheba, daughter of Amminadab, sister of Naashon, to wife; and she bare him Nadab, and Abihu, Eleazar, and Ithamar.
  • Leviticus 10:1 And Nadab and Abihu, the sons of Aaron, took either of them his censer, and put fire therein, and put incense thereon, and offered strange fire before the LORD, which he commanded them not.
  • Numbers 26:61 And Nadab and Abihu died, when they offered strange fire before the LORD.

“Nadab” Hebrew H5070 · used in 20 verses

  • Exodus 6:23 And Aaron took him Elisheba, daughter of Amminadab, sister of Naashon, to wife; and she bare him Nadab, and Abihu, Eleazar, and Ithamar.
  • Numbers 26:60 And unto Aaron was born Nadab, and Abihu, Eleazar, and Ithamar.
  • 1 Chronicles 2:28 And the sons of Onam were, Shammai, and Jada. And the sons of Shammai; Nadab, and Abishur.

“seventy” Hebrew H7657 · used in 90 verses

  • Genesis 4:24 If Cain shall be avenged sevenfold, truly Lamech seventy and sevenfold.
  • Numbers 7:79 His offering was one silver charger, the weight whereof was an hundred and thirty shekels, one silver bowl of seventy shekels, after the shekel of the sanctuary; both of them full of fine flour mingled with oil for a meat offering:
  • 2 Chronicles 2:2 And Solomon told out threescore and ten thousand men to bear burdens, and fourscore thousand to hew in the mountain, and three thousand and six hundred to oversee them.