He that abideth in this city shall die by the sword, and by the famine, and by the pestilence: but he that goeth out, and falleth to the Chaldeans that besiege you, he shall live, and his life shall be unto him for a prey.

JEREMIAH 21:9KJV
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What does Jeremiah 21:9 mean?

Jeremiah 21:9 warns that anyone who stays inside Jerusalem during the Babylonian siege will die by violence, starvation, or disease, but anyone who surrenders to the Babylonians will survive, even if it means losing everything else. The verse presents a stark choice between certain death inside the city and the chance to live by surrendering.

In this verse, the prophet Jeremiah is delivering God’s message to the people of Jerusalem while the Babylonian army surrounds the city. The leaders and people are desperate for hope, but Jeremiah tells them that resisting will only lead to destruction. The verse uses strong language to emphasize the seriousness of the situation and the reality that surrender is the only path to survival.

The Hebrew behind Jeremiah 21:9

  • "Abideth" (יָשַׁב, yashav) means to remain or dwell. Here, it stresses the act of staying put in Jerusalem, which is portrayed as a fatal choice.
  • "Falleth" (נָפַל, nafal) means to fall or surrender. In this context, it refers to giving oneself up to the Babylonians, not being defeated in battle but choosing to go over to them.
  • "Prey" (שָׁלָל, shalal) is often used for spoils or plunder. Here, it means that a person’s life will be like something snatched from danger—barely saved, but still preserved.

Why Jeremiah 21:9 matters

  • Jeremiah 21:9 makes it clear that God’s message through Jeremiah is not what the people want to hear; it is a call to surrender, not to fight, which would have sounded shocking and even traitorous.
  • The verse highlights the seriousness of the Babylonian threat and the futility of resisting God’s judgment when He has already determined the outcome.
  • This verse connects to the wider passage by showing that God’s mercy is still available, but only through obedience to His difficult instructions, not through false hope or stubbornness.

Where else these words appear

“besiege” Hebrew H6696 · used in 38 verses

  • Exodus 23:22 But if thou shalt indeed obey his voice, and do all that I speak; then I will be an enemy unto thine enemies, and an adversary unto thine adversaries.
  • 1 Kings 15:27 And Baasha the son of Ahijah, of the house of Issachar, conspired against him; and Baasha smote him at Gibbethon, which belonged to the Philistines; for Nadab and all Israel laid siege to Gibbethon.
  • 2 Chronicles 28:20 And Tilgathpilneser king of Assyria came unto him, and distressed him, but strengthened him not.

“pestilence” Hebrew H1698 · used in 48 verses

  • Exodus 5:3 And they said, The God of the Hebrews hath met with us: let us go, we pray thee, three days' journey into the desert, and sacrifice unto the LORD our God; lest he fall upon us with pestilence, or with the sword.
  • Psalms 91:3 Surely he shall deliver thee from the snare of the fowler, and from the noisome pestilence.
  • Jeremiah 42:22 Now therefore know certainly that ye shall die by the sword, by the famine, and by the pestilence, in the place whither ye desire to go and to sojourn.

“prey” Hebrew H7998 · used in 64 verses

  • Genesis 49:27 Benjamin shall ravin as a wolf: in the morning he shall devour the prey, and at night he shall divide the spoil.
  • 1 Samuel 30:19 And there was nothing lacking to them, neither small nor great, neither sons nor daughters, neither spoil, nor any thing that they had taken to them: David recovered all.
  • Proverbs 16:19 Better it is to be of an humble spirit with the lowly, than to divide the spoil with the proud.

“Chaldeans” Hebrew H3778 · used in 80 verses

  • Genesis 11:28 And Haran died before his father Terah in the land of his nativity, in Ur of the Chaldees.
  • Jeremiah 32:5 And he shall lead Zedekiah to Babylon, and there shall he be until I visit him, saith the LORD: though ye fight with the Chaldeans, ye shall not prosper.
  • Jeremiah 50:1 The word that the LORD spake against Babylon and against the land of the Chaldeans by Jeremiah the prophet.