Many bulls have compassed me: strong bulls of Bashan have beset me round.

PSALMS 22:12KJV
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What does Psalms 22:12 mean?

Psalms 22:12 uses the image of being surrounded by many strong bulls from Bashan to describe a feeling of being overwhelmed and threatened by powerful enemies. The verse paints a picture of the speaker, King David, feeling encircled and pressed in by forces that seem intimidating and inescapable.

David is speaking in a time of great distress, using vivid language to express how trapped and endangered he feels. "Bulls of Bashan" refers to animals from a region known for its fertile land and strong livestock, so the image suggests not just many enemies, but ones that are especially strong and dangerous. This verse is part of a larger psalm where David is crying out to God in the midst of suffering.

The Hebrew behind Psalms 22:12

  • רַבִּים (rabbim, "Many"): This word emphasizes that the threat is not from a single source but from a crowd, highlighting the overwhelming nature of David’s situation.
  • פָּרִים (parim, "bulls"): Bulls are often symbols of strength and aggression in the ancient world. Here, they represent powerful and intimidating adversaries.
  • אַבִּירִים (abbirim, "strong"): This word means mighty or strong, underscoring that these are not just any bulls, but particularly formidable ones.
  • בָּשָׁן (Bashan): Bashan was a region east of the Jordan River, famous for its rich pastures and robust cattle. Mentioning Bashan adds to the sense of power and threat.

Why Psalms 22:12 matters

  • The verse clarifies that David’s enemies are not just numerous but also unusually strong, making his sense of danger more vivid and relatable.
  • By using the image of Bashan’s bulls, the verse connects to other biblical passages that use animal imagery to describe threats, helping readers see the emotional intensity of David’s prayer.
  • This verse sets up the tone for the rest of the psalm, emphasizing the depth of distress and the need for divine help, which is a key theme throughout Psalms 22.

Where else these words appear

“round” Hebrew H3803 · used in 6 verses

  • Judges 20:43 Thus they inclosed the Benjamites round about, and chased them, and trode them down with ease over against Gibeah toward the sunrising.
  • Job 36:2 Suffer me a little, and I will shew thee that I have yet to speak on God's behalf.
  • Proverbs 14:18 The simple inherit folly: but the prudent are crowned with knowledge.

“strong” Hebrew H47 · used in 17 verses

  • Judges 5:22 Then were the horsehoofs broken by the means of the pransings, the pransings of their mighty ones.
  • Psalms 68:30 Rebuke the company of spearmen, the multitude of the bulls, with the calves of the people, till every one submit himself with pieces of silver: scatter thou the people that delight in war.
  • Isaiah 46:12 Hearken unto me, ye stouthearted, that are far from righteousness:

“Bashan” Hebrew H1316 · used in 53 verses

  • Numbers 21:33 And they turned and went up by the way of Bashan: and Og the king of Bashan went out against them, he, and all his people, to the battle at Edrei.
  • Joshua 12:5 And reigned in mount Hermon, and in Salcah, and in all Bashan, unto the border of the Geshurites and the Maachathites, and half Gilead, the border of Sihon king of Heshbon.
  • 1 Chronicles 5:23 And the children of the half tribe of Manasseh dwelt in the land: they increased from Bashan unto Baalhermon and Senir, and unto mount Hermon.

“bulls” Hebrew H6499 · used in 119 verses

  • Genesis 32:15 Thirty milch camels with their colts, forty kine, and ten bulls, twenty she asses, and ten foals.
  • Numbers 7:57 One young bullock, one ram, one lamb of the first year, for a burnt offering:
  • Numbers 29:32 And on the seventh day seven bullocks, two rams, and fourteen lambs of the first year without blemish: