And turn ye not aside: for then should ye go after vain things, which cannot profit nor deliver; for they are vain.

1 SAMUEL 12:21KJV
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1 Samuel 12:21 (KJV)

What does 1 Samuel 12:21 mean?

1 Samuel 12:21 warns the people not to turn away from following God to pursue empty or worthless things, because these things cannot help or save them. The verse emphasizes that such pursuits are pointless and offer no real benefit or deliverance.

Samuel, the prophet, is speaking to the Israelites during a time when they have asked for a king. He urges them to remain faithful to God rather than chasing after "vain things"—a phrase that refers to idols or anything that distracts them from God. Samuel highlights that these alternatives are powerless and cannot provide the security or help that only God can give.

The Hebrew behind 1 Samuel 12:21

  • "aside" (סוּר, sur): This word means to turn away or depart. Samuel is urging the people not to change direction from following God, stressing the importance of staying on the right path.
  • "vain" (תֹּהוּ, tohu): This word means emptiness, formlessness, or futility. Samuel uses it to describe idols or pursuits that have no real substance or value, underlining how pointless these alternatives are.
  • "profit" (יָעַל, ya'al): This word means to be useful or to benefit. Samuel points out that these "vain things" cannot bring any good or advantage to those who follow them.
  • "deliver" (נָצַל, natsal): This word means to rescue or save. Samuel stresses that these empty pursuits are powerless to save or protect anyone, highlighting God's unique ability to deliver.

Why 1 Samuel 12:21 matters

  • The verse clarifies that the temptation to follow other gods or distractions is not just wrong but also useless, as these things provide no real help or rescue.
  • Samuel’s warning connects to the larger message of his speech, where he calls Israel to loyalty and trust in God even as they transition to having a human king.
  • The repeated use of the word for "vain" (תֹּהוּ, tohu) emphasizes the complete emptiness of anything that takes the place of God, making the warning especially strong and memorable.

Where else these words appear

“vain” Hebrew H8414 · used in 19 verses

  • Genesis 1:2 And the earth was without form, and void; and darkness was upon the face of the deep. And the Spirit of God moved upon the face of the waters.
  • Isaiah 24:10 The city of confusion is broken down: every house is shut up, that no man may come in.
  • Isaiah 44:9 They that make a graven image are all of them vanity; and their delectable things shall not profit; and they are their own witnesses; they see not, nor know; that they may be ashamed.

“profit” Hebrew H3276 · used in 21 verses

  • Job 15:3 Should he reason with unprofitable talk? or with speeches wherewith he can do no good?
  • Isaiah 30:5 They were all ashamed of a people that could not profit them, nor be an help nor profit, but a shame, and also a reproach.
  • Jeremiah 2:8 The priests said not, Where is the LORD? and they that handle the law knew me not: the pastors also transgressed against me, and the prophets prophesied by Baal, and walked after things that do not profit.