And he enquired of the LORD for him, and gave him victuals, and gave him the sword of Goliath the Philistine.

1 SAMUEL 22:10KJV
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1 Samuel 22:10 (KJV)

What does 1 Samuel 22:10 mean?

1 Samuel 22:10 reports that someone asked the LORD for guidance on David’s behalf, provided David with food, and gave him the sword that had belonged to Goliath the Philistine. The verse lists three specific ways David was helped during a time when he was fleeing from King Saul.

In the story, this verse is part of a report being given to Saul about what happened when David visited Ahimelech the priest. The person speaking is describing how Ahimelech supported David: he prayed for David (seeking God’s will), gave him provisions, and armed him with Goliath’s sword. These actions are being used as evidence of Ahimelech’s support for David, which will have serious consequences in the following verses.

The Hebrew behind 1 Samuel 22:10

  • "enquired" (שָׁאַל, sha'al): This word often means to ask or seek, and here it refers to seeking guidance from the LORD (יְהוָה, YHWH). In this context, it means Ahimelech asked God for direction or blessing for David, which was a priestly duty.
  • "victuals" (צֵידָה, tzeidah): This word means provisions or food for a journey. It shows that David was given practical help, not just spiritual support.
  • "sword" (חֶרֶב, cherev): This is the same sword that David had taken from Goliath after defeating him. Receiving this weapon was a significant act, as it symbolized both David’s past victory and the seriousness of his situation.

Why 1 Samuel 22:10 matters

  • This verse clarifies that Ahimelech’s help to David was practical, spiritual, and symbolic, not just a simple act of kindness.
  • The details here set up the accusation against Ahimelech, showing why Saul would see his actions as aiding an enemy.
  • Understanding these actions helps explain the tragic events that follow, as Saul reacts harshly to what he sees as betrayal.

Where else these words appear

“Goliath” Hebrew H1555 · used in 6 verses

  • 1 Samuel 17:4 And there went out a champion out of the camp of the Philistines, named Goliath, of Gath, whose height was six cubits and a span.
  • 1 Samuel 17:23 And as he talked with them, behold, there came up the champion, the Philistine of Gath, Goliath by name, out of the armies of the Philistines, and spake according to the same words: and David heard them.
  • 2 Samuel 21:19 And there was again a battle in Gob with the Philistines, where Elhanan the son of Jaareoregim, a Bethlehemite, slew the brother of Goliath the Gittite, the staff of whose spear was like a weaver's beam.

“victuals” Hebrew H6720 · used in 10 verses

  • Genesis 27:3 Now therefore take, I pray thee, thy weapons, thy quiver and thy bow, and go out to the field, and take me some venison;
  • Exodus 12:39 And they baked unleavened cakes of the dough which they brought forth out of Egypt, for it was not leavened; because they were thrust out of Egypt, and could not tarry, neither had they prepared for themselves any victual.
  • Judges 7:8 So the people took victuals in their hand, and their trumpets: and he sent all the rest of Israel every man unto his tent, and retained those three hundred men: and the host of Midian was beneath him in the valley.