But when the Jews spake against it, I was constrained to appeal unto Caesar; not that I had ought to accuse my nation of.

ACTS 28:19KJV
Know the Bible

What does Acts 28:19 mean?

Acts 28:19 shows Paul explaining that, because some Jewish leaders opposed him, he felt forced to appeal his case to Caesar in Rome, but he was not doing this to bring any accusation against his own people. Paul makes it clear that his appeal was for his own defense, not to harm or blame his fellow Jews.

Paul is speaking to local Jewish leaders in Rome, recounting why he has come as a prisoner. He explains that opposition from some Jews in Judea left him no choice but to seek a hearing from the Roman emperor. Paul emphasizes that he does not wish to accuse or condemn his nation, highlighting his ongoing loyalty to his people even in the midst of conflict.

The Greek behind Acts 28:19

  • "constrained" (ἠναγκάσθην, ēnankasthēn): This word means "forced" or "compelled," showing that Paul did not appeal to Caesar lightly but felt he had no other option.
  • "appeal" (ἐπικαλέσασθαι, epikalesasthai): This is a legal term for formally requesting a higher court's judgment, underscoring that Paul used his right as a Roman citizen.
  • "accuse" (κατηγορεῖν, katēgorein): This word means "to bring charges against." Paul uses it to stress that his actions were not meant to prosecute or blame his fellow Jews.

Why Acts 28:19 matters

  • This verse clarifies that Paul’s appeal to Caesar was a defensive move, not an act of betrayal or hostility toward his own people.
  • It highlights Paul’s carefulness to maintain respect and goodwill toward the Jewish nation, even when facing opposition from some of its leaders.
  • The verse sets the stage for Paul’s continued witness in Rome and shows his desire to separate his personal legal defense from any accusation against his community.

Where else these words appear

“against” Greek G483 · used in 9 verses

  • Luke 2:34 And Simeon blessed them, and said unto Mary his mother, Behold, this child is set for the fall and rising again of many in Israel; and for a sign which shall be spoken against;
  • John 19:12 And from thenceforth Pilate sought to release him: but the Jews cried out, saying, If thou let this man go, thou art not Caesar's friend: whosoever maketh himself a king speaketh against Caesar.
  • Romans 10:21 But to Israel he saith, All day long I have stretched forth my hands unto a disobedient and gainsaying people.

“constrained” Greek G315 · used in 9 verses

  • Matthew 14:22 And straightway Jesus constrained his disciples to get into a ship, and to go before him unto the other side, while he sent the multitudes away.
  • Luke 14:23 And the lord said unto the servant, Go out into the highways and hedges, and compel them to come in, that my house may be filled.
  • Galatians 2:3 But neither Titus, who was with me, being a Greek, was compelled to be circumcised:

“accuse” Greek G2723 · used in 21 verses

  • Matthew 12:10 And, behold, there was a man which had his hand withered. And they asked him, saying, Is it lawful to heal on the sabbath days? that they might accuse him.
  • Luke 23:10 And the chief priests and scribes stood and vehemently accused him.
  • Acts 24:13 Neither can they prove the things whereof they now accuse me.

“Caesar” Greek G2541 · used in 25 verses

  • Matthew 22:17 Tell us therefore, What thinkest thou? Is it lawful to give tribute unto Caesar, or not?
  • Luke 20:24 Shew me a penny. Whose image and superscription hath it? They answered and said, Caesar's.
  • Acts 25:10 Then said Paul, I stand at Caesar's judgment seat, where I ought to be judged: to the Jews have I done no wrong, as thou very well knowest.