Then Moses severed three cities on this side Jordan toward the sunrising;

DEUTERONOMY 4:41KJV
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What does Deuteronomy 4:41 mean?

Deuteronomy 4:41 describes how Moses set apart three cities east of the Jordan River, in the direction of the sunrise. These cities were chosen for a specific purpose before the Israelites crossed into the main land of Canaan.

Moses is speaking to the Israelites as they are camped on the eastern side of the Jordan, preparing to enter the Promised Land. The verse marks the moment when Moses designates three cities of refuge, which would serve as safe places for people who accidentally caused someone's death. This action shows Moses organizing the community’s life and justice system even before they fully settle in the land.

The Hebrew behind Deuteronomy 4:41

  • "severed" (בָּדַל, badal): This word means to separate or set apart. Here, it highlights that Moses intentionally chose and marked out these cities for a special role, not just as ordinary towns.
  • "side" (עֵבֶר, ‘eber): This term refers to the region across or beyond, in this case meaning the area east of the Jordan River, which is outside the main territory of Canaan.
  • "sunrising" (שֶׁמֶשׁ, shemesh; מִזְרָח, mizrach): Together, these words mean "toward the sunrise" or "eastward." The verse is specific about the location, clarifying that these cities are on the eastern side, not within the main land of Israel.

Why Deuteronomy 4:41 matters

  • This verse clears up that the idea of cities of refuge was not limited to the main land of Israel; Moses made sure to provide them even in the territories east of the Jordan.
  • The verse shows Moses’ attention to justice and safety for all Israelites, including those living outside the central territory.
  • By naming the direction "toward the sunrising," the verse connects the story to the geography and journey of the Israelites, anchoring the event in a real place and time.

Where else these words appear

“severed” Hebrew H914 · used in 40 verses

  • Genesis 1:4 And God saw the light, that it was good: and God divided the light from the darkness.
  • Numbers 8:14 Thus shalt thou separate the Levites from among the children of Israel: and the Levites shall be mine.
  • Ezra 8:24 Then I separated twelve of the chief of the priests, Sherebiah, Hashabiah, and ten of their brethren with them,

“sunrising” Hebrew H4217 · used in 71 verses

  • Exodus 27:13 And the breadth of the court on the east side eastward shall be fifty cubits.
  • Joshua 16:6 And the border went out toward the sea to Michmethah on the north side; and the border went about eastward unto Taanathshiloh, and passed by it on the east to Janohah;
  • 2 Chronicles 4:4 It stood upon twelve oxen, three looking toward the north, and three looking toward the west, and three looking toward the south, and three looking toward the east: and the sea was set above upon them, and all their hinder parts were inward.

“side” Hebrew H5676 · used in 84 verses

  • Genesis 50:10 And they came to the threshingfloor of Atad, which is beyond Jordan, and there they mourned with a great and very sore lamentation: and he made a mourning for his father seven days.
  • Joshua 9:1 And it came to pass, when all the kings which were on this side Jordan, in the hills, and in the valleys, and in all the coasts of the great sea over against Lebanon, the Hittite, and the Amorite, the Canaanite, the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite, heard thereof;
  • 2 Samuel 10:16 And Hadarezer sent, and brought out the Syrians that were beyond the river: and they came to Helam; and Shobach the captain of the host of Hadarezer went before them.

“sunrising” Hebrew H8121 · used in 127 verses

  • Genesis 15:12 And when the sun was going down, a deep sleep fell upon Abram; and, lo, an horror of great darkness fell upon him.
  • 2 Samuel 3:35 And when all the people came to cause David to eat meat while it was yet day, David sware, saying, So do God to me, and more also, if I taste bread, or ought else, till the sun be down.
  • Ecclesiastes 5:18 Behold that which I have seen: it is good and comely for one to eat and to drink, and to enjoy the good of all his labour that he taketh under the sun all the days of his life, which God giveth him: for it is his portion.