And the anointing oil, and sweet incense for the holy place: according to all that I have commanded thee shall they do.

EXODUS 31:11KJV
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Exodus 31:11 (KJV)

What does Exodus 31:11 mean?

Exodus 31:11 states that the special anointing oil and fragrant incense for the holy place must be made exactly as God instructed Moses. The people assigned to this work are to follow every detail of God’s commands in preparing these sacred items.

In this verse, God is speaking to Moses on Mount Sinai, giving him instructions for the construction and furnishing of the tabernacle. The verse highlights that even the anointing oil and incense—used for worship and setting things apart as holy—must be made precisely as God directed, showing the importance of following God’s instructions in every aspect of worship.

The Hebrew behind Exodus 31:11

  • "Anointing" (מִשְׁחָה, mishchah) refers to a special oil used to set apart people or objects for God’s service. Its use here emphasizes that the oil is not ordinary but has a sacred purpose.
  • "Sweet" (סַמִּים, sammim) describes the incense as fragrant or pleasing. This highlights that the incense was meant to create a pleasing aroma in the holy place, symbolizing prayers or offerings rising to God.
  • "Incense" (קְטֹרֶת, qetoret) is a word for a specific blend of spices burned as an offering. The careful preparation of this incense was a key part of the tabernacle’s rituals, and only the prescribed mixture was allowed.
  • "Commanded" (צָוָה, tsavah) and "do" (עָשָׂה, asah) stress that the instructions are not suggestions but direct orders from God, and the people must carry them out exactly as told.

Why Exodus 31:11 matters

  • Exodus 31:11 clarifies that even the materials used in worship—like oil and incense—were not left to human creativity but were to be made exactly as God commanded, showing the seriousness of approaching God’s presence.
  • The verse connects the making of these items to the wider theme of obedience in Exodus 25–31, where every detail of the tabernacle’s construction is given by God and must be followed precisely.
  • This verse helps prevent the misunderstanding that worship practices in ancient Israel were flexible or based on personal preference; instead, they were carefully regulated by God’s instructions.

Where else these words appear

“sweet” Hebrew H5561 · used in 15 verses

  • Exodus 25:6 Oil for the light, spices for anointing oil, and for sweet incense,
  • Exodus 35:15 And the incense altar, and his staves, and the anointing oil, and the sweet incense, and the hanging for the door at the entering in of the tabernacle,
  • Leviticus 4:7 And the priest shall put some of the blood upon the horns of the altar of sweet incense before the LORD, which is in the tabernacle of the congregation; and shall pour all the blood of the bullock at the bottom of the altar of the burnt offering, which is at the door of the tabernacle of the congregation.

“anointing” Hebrew H4888 · used in 24 verses

  • Exodus 25:6 Oil for the light, spices for anointing oil, and for sweet incense,
  • Exodus 35:15 And the incense altar, and his staves, and the anointing oil, and the sweet incense, and the hanging for the door at the entering in of the tabernacle,
  • Leviticus 8:10 And Moses took the anointing oil, and anointed the tabernacle and all that was therein, and sanctified them.

“incense” Hebrew H7004 · used in 58 verses

  • Exodus 25:6 Oil for the light, spices for anointing oil, and for sweet incense,
  • Leviticus 16:12 And he shall take a censer full of burning coals of fire from off the altar before the LORD, and his hands full of sweet incense beaten small, and bring it within the vail:
  • Numbers 16:35 And there came out a fire from the LORD, and consumed the two hundred and fifty men that offered incense.