Exodus 40:5 (KJV)

What does Exodus 40:5 mean?

Exodus 40:5 gives Moses instructions to place the golden altar for burning incense in front of the ark of the testimony and to hang the curtain at the entrance to the tabernacle. This verse is part of a detailed list of how to set up the tabernacle and its furnishings exactly as God directed.

God is speaking to Moses, telling him how to arrange the sacred objects inside the tabernacle, which was the portable sanctuary used by the Israelites during their journey in the wilderness. The "altar of gold" refers to the incense altar, which was to be set "before the ark of the testimony," meaning in the Holy Place, just outside the inner room where the ark was kept. The instruction to "put the hanging of the door" means to hang the curtain at the entrance, marking off the holy space.

The Hebrew behind Exodus 40:5

• "altar" (מִזְבֵּחַ, mizbeach): This word refers specifically to the structure used for burning incense, not for animal sacrifices. Its placement highlights the importance of incense in the worship practices.
• "incense" (קְטֹרֶת, qetoret): This means fragrant smoke offered to God, symbolizing prayers or devotion rising up. The use of incense was a regular, significant ritual.
• "before" (לִפְנֵי, lifnei): This word means "in the presence of" or "in front of," clarifying that the altar was not inside the Most Holy Place with the ark, but just outside, emphasizing separation and reverence.
• "hanging" (מָסָךְ, masakh): This refers to the curtain or screen at the entrance, marking the boundary between the holy space and the outside, showing the importance of access and separation in worship.

Why Exodus 40:5 matters

• This verse clarifies the careful arrangement of sacred objects, showing that every detail in worship was intentional and meaningful, not left to personal choice.
• The placement of the incense altar "before the ark" emphasizes the separation between God’s direct presence and the people, highlighting the need for mediation and reverence.
• The instructions connect to the broader theme of Exodus 40, where Moses is told to set up the tabernacle exactly as God commanded, underlining obedience and the seriousness of approaching God’s presence.