But if he give a gift of his inheritance to one of his servants, then it shall be his to the year of liberty; after it shall return to the prince: but his inheritance shall be his sons' for them.

EZEKIEL 46:17KJV
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What does Ezekiel 46:17 mean?

Ezekiel 46:17 explains that if a prince gives part of his inheritance to a servant, the servant may keep it only until the "year of liberty," after which the property returns to the prince. However, if the prince gives an inheritance to his own sons, it remains theirs permanently. This sets a clear difference between gifts to servants and gifts to sons regarding property rights.

In this section of Ezekiel, God is giving instructions to the prophet Ezekiel about how the future prince of Israel should handle his land and inheritance. The "year of liberty" refers to a special time, often understood as the Jubilee year, when property returns to its original owner. The verse emphasizes fairness and prevents the permanent loss of family inheritance, ensuring that the prince’s land stays within his family line.

The Hebrew behind Ezekiel 46:17

  • "give" (נָתַן, natan): This word means to give or grant. Here, it highlights the act of the prince transferring property, but with conditions attached.
  • "gift" (מַתָּנָה, mattanah): This word means a present or gift. The use of this term shows that the transfer to a servant is not a permanent legal inheritance but a temporary grant.
  • "inheritance" (נַחֲלָה, nachalah): This word refers to a hereditary possession, usually land. Its use underlines the importance of keeping family property within the family.
  • "year" (שָׁנָה, shanah) and "liberty" (דְּרוֹר, deror): "Year of liberty" refers to a set time when debts are forgiven and property is restored, often linked to the Jubilee year described elsewhere in the Old Testament.
  • "return" (שׁוּב, shuv): This means to go back or return. It clarifies that the property given to a servant is not lost but comes back to the prince after the set period.

Why Ezekiel 46:17 matters

  • Ezekiel 46:17 prevents the permanent transfer of royal land to non-family members, protecting the inheritance of the prince’s descendants and maintaining the structure God set for Israel’s leaders.
  • The verse clarifies that gifts to servants are temporary, which would prevent the abuse of royal power or favoritism that could weaken the family’s inheritance over generations.
  • This instruction fits into the wider passage’s concern for justice, order, and the proper stewardship of land, echoing laws from earlier in the Old Testament about the Jubilee and the protection of family inheritance.

Where else these words appear

“liberty” Hebrew H1865 · used in 7 verses

  • Exodus 30:23 Take thou also unto thee principal spices, of pure myrrh five hundred shekels, and of sweet cinnamon half so much, even two hundred and fifty shekels, and of sweet calamus two hundred and fifty shekels,
  • Isaiah 61:1 The Spirit of the Lord GOD is upon me; because the LORD hath anointed me to preach good tidings unto the meek; he hath sent me to bind up the brokenhearted, to proclaim liberty to the captives, and the opening of the prison to them that are bound;
  • Jeremiah 34:15 And ye were now turned, and had done right in my sight, in proclaiming liberty every man to his neighbour; and ye had made a covenant before me in the house which is called by my name:

“gift” Hebrew H4979 · used in 17 verses

  • Genesis 25:6 But unto the sons of the concubines, which Abraham had, Abraham gave gifts, and sent them away from Isaac his son, while he yet lived, eastward, unto the east country.
  • Numbers 18:29 Out of all your gifts ye shall offer every heave offering of the LORD, of all the best thereof, even the hallowed part thereof out of it.
  • Proverbs 15:27 He that is greedy of gain troubleth his own house; but he that hateth gifts shall live.

“prince” Hebrew H5387 · used in 120 verses

  • Genesis 17:20 And as for Ishmael, I have heard thee: Behold, I have blessed him, and will make him fruitful, and will multiply him exceedingly; twelve princes shall he beget, and I will make him a great nation.
  • Numbers 7:54 On the eighth day offered Gamaliel the son of Pedahzur, prince of the children of Manasseh:
  • 2 Chronicles 1:2 Then Solomon spake unto all Israel, to the captains of thousands and of hundreds, and to the judges, and to every governor in all Israel, the chief of the fathers.