Nay, my lord, hear me: the field give I thee, and the cave that is therein, I give it thee; in the presence of the sons of my people give I it thee: bury thy dead.

GENESIS 23:11KJV
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Genesis 23:11 (KJV)

What does Genesis 23:11 mean?

Genesis 23:11 records Ephron the Hittite offering Abraham both the field and the cave within it as a gift, telling Abraham he may bury his dead there in the presence of witnesses. Ephron insists that Abraham does not need to pay for the land, making the offer publicly and generously.

In this verse, Ephron is responding to Abraham’s request to buy a burial place for Sarah. The conversation takes place at the city gate, where business was conducted before the local people. Ephron’s words are formal and public, reflecting the customs of negotiation and hospitality in that culture, and setting the stage for the eventual purchase.

The Hebrew behind Genesis 23:11

  • נָתַן (nathan, "I give"): This word appears several times in the verse, emphasizing Ephron’s repeated insistence that he is offering the land as a gift rather than as a sale. The repetition underlines the public generosity but also fits ancient negotiation customs, where such offers could be part of expected bargaining.
  • עֵינֵי (eynei, "presence"): The phrase "in the presence of the sons of my people" uses this word for "eyes," meaning witnesses. This detail shows the transaction is being made openly, ensuring the community sees and acknowledges what is happening.
  • קָבַר (qavar, "bury"): This verb is used for burial, highlighting the practical and respectful purpose of the transaction—providing a proper resting place for Abraham’s wife.

Why Genesis 23:11 matters

  • Genesis 23:11 helps clarify that the negotiations between Abraham and Ephron were formal and public, not just a private conversation, which was important for legal recognition of property transfer in that time.
  • The verse shows the cultural importance of hospitality and generosity, but also hints at the bargaining style of the ancient Near East, where offers of gifts were often part of the process before a sale was finalized.
  • This exchange sets up the legal purchase of the first piece of land owned by Abraham in Canaan, marking a significant step in the unfolding story of the promises to Abraham and his descendants.

Where else these words appear

“cave” Hebrew H4631 · used in 36 verses

  • Genesis 19:30 And Lot went up out of Zoar, and dwelt in the mountain, and his two daughters with him; for he feared to dwell in Zoar: and he dwelt in a cave, he and his two daughters.
  • Joshua 10:17 And it was told Joshua, saying, The five kings are found hid in a cave at Makkedah.
  • 2 Samuel 23:13 And three of the thirty chief went down, and came to David in the harvest time unto the cave of Adullam: and the troop of the Philistines pitched in the valley of Rephaim.

“Nay” Hebrew H3808 · used in 73 verses

  • Genesis 2:5 And every plant of the field before it was in the earth, and every herb of the field before it grew: for the LORD God had not caused it to rain upon the earth, and there was not a man to till the ground.
  • Numbers 19:2 This is the ordinance of the law which the LORD hath commanded, saying, Speak unto the children of Israel, that they bring thee a red heifer without spot, wherein is no blemish, and upon which never came yoke:
  • Psalms 17:1 A Prayer of David. Hear the right, O LORD, attend unto my cry, give ear unto my prayer, that goeth not out of feigned lips.

“bury” Hebrew H6912 · used in 122 verses

  • Genesis 15:15 And thou shalt go to thy fathers in peace; thou shalt be buried in a good old age.
  • Ruth 1:17 Where thou diest, will I die, and there will I be buried: the LORD do so to me, and more also, if ought but death part thee and me.
  • 2 Kings 15:7 So Azariah slept with his fathers; and they buried him with his fathers in the city of David: and Jotham his son reigned in his stead.