And the messengers returned to Jacob, saying, We came to thy brother Esau, and also he cometh to meet thee, and four hundred men with him.

GENESIS 32:6KJV
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What does Genesis 32:6 mean?

Genesis 32:6 describes how Jacob’s messengers return to him with news that his brother Esau is coming to meet him, and Esau is bringing four hundred men with him. This report sets the stage for Jacob’s concern and fear about their upcoming encounter.

In this scene, Jacob has sent messengers ahead to Esau as he returns home after many years away. The messengers come back and tell Jacob that Esau is approaching, not alone, but with a large group of men. The verse highlights the tension and uncertainty Jacob feels, since he does not know if Esau’s intentions are friendly or hostile.

The Hebrew behind Genesis 32:6

  • The word for “messengers” is מַלְאָךְ (mal’akh), which can mean either human messengers or angels. Here, it refers to the people Jacob sent ahead, but the word can carry a sense of someone sent with a purpose.
  • The word for “men” is אִישׁ (ish), which simply means “man” or “person,” but in this context, it emphasizes the size and seriousness of the group coming with Esau.
  • The word for “returned” is שׁוּב (shuv), meaning “to return” or “to come back.” It shows the messengers have completed their task and are now reporting back to Jacob.

Why Genesis 32:6 matters

  • This verse helps explain why Jacob becomes afraid and divides his family and possessions in the following verses; the large number of men with Esau could easily be seen as a threat.
  • The report from the messengers builds suspense in the story, reminding readers of the unresolved conflict between Jacob and Esau from earlier in Genesis.
  • Understanding that “messengers” can mean both human and angelic figures in Hebrew adds a layer of meaning, since Jacob has just encountered angels in the previous verses, highlighting the sense of divine involvement in these events.

Where else these words appear

“Esau” Hebrew H6215 · used in 82 verses

  • Genesis 25:25 And the first came out red, all over like an hairy garment; and they called his name Esau.
  • Genesis 28:6 When Esau saw that Isaac had blessed Jacob, and sent him away to Padanaram, to take him a wife from thence; and that as he blessed him he gave him a charge, saying, Thou shalt not take a wife of the daughters of Canaan;
  • Genesis 36:13 And these are the sons of Reuel; Nahath, and Zerah, Shammah, and Mizzah: these were the sons of Bashemath Esau's wife.

“thee” Hebrew H7125 · used in 117 verses

  • Genesis 14:17 And the king of Sodom went out to meet him after his return from the slaughter of Chedorlaomer, and of the kings that were with him, at the valley of Shaveh, which is the king's dale.
  • Judges 7:24 And Gideon sent messengers throughout all mount Ephraim, saying, Come down against the Midianites, and take before them the waters unto Bethbarah and Jordan. Then all the men of Ephraim gathered themselves together, and took the waters unto Bethbarah and Jordan.
  • 1 Kings 2:8 And, behold, thou hast with thee Shimei the son of Gera, a Benjamite of Bahurim, which cursed me with a grievous curse in the day when I went to Mahanaim: but he came down to meet me at Jordan, and I sware to him by the LORD, saying, I will not put thee to death with the sword.