Therefore to him that knoweth to do good, and doeth it not, to him it is sin.

JAMES 4:17KJV
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James 4:17 (KJV)

What does James 4:17 mean?

James 4:17 says that if someone knows the right thing to do but chooses not to do it, that choice is counted as sin for that person. This verse highlights personal responsibility, making it clear that ignoring what you know is good is not a neutral act—it is morally significant.

James, the brother of Jesus, is writing to early Christians who are facing practical challenges in living out their faith. The verse comes at the end of a section warning against arrogance and self-reliance. James is not just talking about avoiding bad actions, but also about the importance of acting when you know what is right.

The Greek behind James 4:17

  • "knoweth" (οἶδα, oida): This Greek word means more than just being aware; it often carries the sense of having clear, certain knowledge. James is addressing people who are sure about what is good, not just guessing.
  • "good" (καλός, kalos): This word means something morally upright or beneficial. James is not talking about just any action, but specifically about what is recognized as genuinely right.
  • "sin" (ἁμαρτία, hamartia): This word means missing the mark or falling short of what is expected. Here, James uses it to show that failing to do good is just as much "missing the mark" as doing something wrong.

Why James 4:17 matters

  • James 4:17 clarifies that sin is not only about doing wrong, but also about failing to do what you know is right, which broadens the usual understanding of sin.
  • This verse connects to James’s larger message about living out faith through actions, not just beliefs or intentions.
  • It challenges the idea that inaction is harmless, showing that knowing the good and refusing to act on it carries real moral weight.

Where else these words appear

“good” Greek G2570 · used in 91 verses

  • Matthew 3:10 And now also the axe is laid unto the root of the trees: therefore every tree which bringeth not forth good fruit is hewn down, and cast into the fire.
  • Mark 14:21 The Son of man indeed goeth, as it is written of him: but woe to that man by whom the Son of man is betrayed! good were it for that man if he had never been born.
  • 1 Timothy 1:18 This charge I commit unto thee, son Timothy, according to the prophecies which went before on thee, that thou by them mightest war a good warfare;