And the men of Israel said unto the Hivites, Peradventure ye dwell among us; and how shall we make a league with you?

JOSHUA 9:7KJV
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What does Joshua 9:7 mean?

Joshua 9:7 shows the men of Israel questioning the Hivites about where they live, expressing doubt about making a treaty with them because they suspect the Hivites might actually be neighbors rather than distant travelers. The Israelites are cautious, since their instructions from God forbid making covenants with the people living in the land.

The scene takes place as the Israelites encounter a group claiming to be from far away, but who are actually local Canaanites (the Hivites). The Israelite leaders are speaking directly to these Hivites, trying to determine the truth of their story. The verse highlights the Israelites’ concern about accidentally breaking God’s command by making a league, or treaty, with people they were supposed to drive out.

The Hebrew behind Joshua 9:7

  • "League" is בְּרִית (berit), which means a formal agreement or covenant. In this context, it refers to a binding treaty, not just a casual promise, showing the seriousness of the Israelites’ hesitation.
  • "Peradventure" is אוּלַי (ulay), often understood as “perhaps” or “what if.” This word signals the Israelites’ uncertainty and suspicion about the Hivites’ true identity.
  • "Dwell" is יָשַׁב (yashav), meaning to live or reside. The Israelites are specifically concerned about whether the Hivites actually live "among us" (בְּקִרְבֵּנוּ, b’qirbenu), which would make a treaty forbidden.

Why Joshua 9:7 matters

  • Joshua 9:7 clarifies that the Israelites were not naïve; they actively questioned the story they were told and recognized the risk of disobeying God’s command.
  • The verse shows the tension between hospitality and obedience, as the Israelites wanted to be fair but also faithful to their instructions.
  • This moment sets up the deception that follows in the chapter, making it clear that the Israelites’ later mistake was not from ignorance, but from being misled despite their caution.

Where else these words appear

“Peradventure” Hebrew H194 · used in 11 verses

  • Genesis 16:2 And Sarai said unto Abram, Behold now, the LORD hath restrained me from bearing: I pray thee, go in unto my maid; it may be that I may obtain children by her. And Abram hearkened to the voice of Sarai.
  • Joshua 14:12 Now therefore give me this mountain, whereof the LORD spake in that day; for thou heardest in that day how the Anakims were there, and that the cities were great and fenced: if so be the LORD will be with me, then I shall be able to drive them out, as the LORD said.
  • 2 Kings 19:4 It may be the LORD thy God will hear all the words of Rabshakeh, whom the king of Assyria his master hath sent to reproach the living God; and will reprove the words which the LORD thy God hath heard: wherefore lift up thy prayer for the remnant that are left.

“Hivites” Hebrew H2340 · used in 25 verses

  • Genesis 10:17 And the Hivite, and the Arkite, and the Sinite,
  • Exodus 33:2 And I will send an angel before thee; and I will drive out the Canaanite, the Amorite, and the Hittite, and the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite:
  • Joshua 12:8 In the mountains, and in the valleys, and in the plains, and in the springs, and in the wilderness, and in the south country; the Hittites, the Amorites, and the Canaanites, the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites: