They are inclosed in their own fat: with their mouth they speak proudly.

PSALMS 17:10KJV
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What does Psalms 17:10 mean?

Psalms 17:10 describes people who are self-satisfied and arrogant, saying they are “inclosed in their own fat” and speak with pride. The verse paints a picture of those who are wrapped up in their own comfort and self-importance, using boastful words.

In this psalm, David is speaking to God about his enemies. He describes these people as being so focused on themselves and their own success that they have become insensitive and proud. The verse uses physical imagery to show how their self-indulgence leads to a hardened attitude and arrogant speech.

The Hebrew behind Psalms 17:10

  • “inclosed” (סגר, sagar) means to shut up or enclose. Here, it suggests being closed off or hardened, especially in a moral or emotional sense.
  • “fat” (חֵלֶב, chelev) refers to literal fat, but often in Hebrew poetry it symbolizes excess, self-indulgence, or insensitivity.
  • “mouth” (פֶּה, peh) is simply the mouth, but the focus here is on what comes out of it—proud words.
  • “speak” (דָּבַר, dabar) means to speak or declare, highlighting the act of expressing arrogance.
  • “proudly” (גָּאָה, ga’ah) means to be high, exalted, or proud, emphasizing the boastful and self-important way these people talk.

Why Psalms 17:10 matters

  • This verse helps clarify that David’s enemies are not just physically threatening, but also morally corrupt and arrogant, which deepens the sense of injustice he feels.
  • The imagery of being “inclosed in their own fat” shows how self-indulgence can lead to a lack of empathy or awareness of others, making the proud speech even more striking.
  • Understanding this verse highlights the contrast between David’s humble plea to God and the arrogance of those who oppose him, which is a key theme in the surrounding passage.

Where else these words appear

“proudly” Hebrew H1348 · used in 8 verses

  • Psalms 89:9 Thou rulest the raging of the sea: when the waves thereof arise, thou stillest them.
  • Isaiah 9:18 For wickedness burneth as the fire: it shall devour the briers and thorns, and shall kindle in the thickets of the forest, and they shall mount up like the lifting up of smoke.
  • Isaiah 26:10 Let favour be shewed to the wicked, yet will he not learn righteousness: in the land of uprightness will he deal unjustly, and will not behold the majesty of the LORD.

“fat” Hebrew H2459 · used in 69 verses

  • Genesis 4:4 And Abel, he also brought of the firstlings of his flock and of the fat thereof. And the LORD had respect unto Abel and to his offering:
  • Leviticus 7:23 Speak unto the children of Israel, saying, Ye shall eat no manner of fat, of ox, or of sheep, or of goat.
  • Judges 3:22 And the haft also went in after the blade; and the fat closed upon the blade, so that he could not draw the dagger out of his belly; and the dirt came out.

“inclosed” Hebrew H5462 · used in 87 verses

  • Genesis 2:21 And the LORD God caused a deep sleep to fall upon Adam, and he slept: and he took one of his ribs, and closed up the flesh instead thereof;
  • 1 Samuel 1:6 And her adversary also provoked her sore, for to make her fret, because the LORD had shut up her womb.
  • Job 11:10 If he cut off, and shut up, or gather together, then who can hinder him?