The cup of blessing which we bless, is it not the communion of the blood of Christ? The bread which we break, is it not the communion of the body of Christ?

1 CORINTHIANS 10:16KJV
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What does 1 Corinthians 10:16 mean?

1 Corinthians 10:16 describes how the cup and bread shared in Christian gatherings represent a real sharing, or participation, in the benefits of Jesus Christ’s sacrifice—his blood and body. Paul is highlighting that these elements are not just symbols but connect believers to Christ and to each other in a deep, spiritual way.

Paul is writing to the church in Corinth, addressing issues about how Christians should relate to pagan practices and meals. Here, he uses the example of the Lord’s Supper to show that sharing the cup and bread means joining together in what Jesus has done. Paul’s point is that participating in this meal is a meaningful act that unites believers with Christ and with one another.

The Greek behind 1 Corinthians 10:16

  • κοινωνία (koinōnia, G2842): This word is translated as "communion" and means sharing, partnership, or participation. Paul uses it to show that the Lord’s Supper is not just a ritual but a real sharing in Christ’s sacrifice.
  • εὐλογία (eulogia, G2129): Translated as "blessing," this word refers to the cup as something set apart by giving thanks or a blessing. It emphasizes the sacredness of the act.
  • σώματος (sōmatos, G4983): This is the Greek word for "body." Paul’s use of it here ties the bread directly to Jesus’ physical body, underlining the personal connection believers have with Christ through this act.

Why 1 Corinthians 10:16 matters

  • This verse clarifies that the Lord’s Supper is not just a memorial but a real participation in Christ, which helps explain why Paul warns against mixing it with pagan rituals.
  • Paul’s language emphasizes the unity that comes from sharing in the cup and bread, showing that Christian fellowship is rooted in what Jesus has done.
  • Understanding the meaning of "communion" here helps readers see the Lord’s Supper as a powerful act of connection with both Christ and the community of believers.

Where else these words appear

“blessing” Greek G2129 · used in 14 verses

  • Romans 15:29 And I am sure that, when I come unto you, I shall come in the fulness of the blessing of the gospel of Christ.
  • Galatians 3:14 That the blessing of Abraham might come on the Gentiles through Jesus Christ; that we might receive the promise of the Spirit through faith.
  • James 3:10 Out of the same mouth proceedeth blessing and cursing. My brethren, these things ought not so to be.

“break” Greek G2806 · used in 14 verses

  • Matthew 14:19 And he commanded the multitude to sit down on the grass, and took the five loaves, and the two fishes, and looking up to heaven, he blessed, and brake, and gave the loaves to his disciples, and the disciples to the multitude.
  • Mark 8:19 When I brake the five loaves among five thousand, how many baskets full of fragments took ye up? They say unto him, Twelve.
  • Acts 2:46 And they, continuing daily with one accord in the temple, and breaking bread from house to house, did eat their meat with gladness and singleness of heart,

“communion” Greek G2842 · used in 18 verses

  • Acts 2:42 And they continued stedfastly in the apostles' doctrine and fellowship, and in breaking of bread, and in prayers.
  • 2 Corinthians 9:13 Whiles by the experiment of this ministration they glorify God for your professed subjection unto the gospel of Christ, and for your liberal distribution unto them, and unto all men;
  • Philippians 3:10 That I may know him, and the power of his resurrection, and the fellowship of his sufferings, being made conformable unto his death;

“cup” Greek G4221 · used in 30 verses

  • Matthew 10:42 And whosoever shall give to drink unto one of these little ones a cup of cold water only in the name of a disciple, verily I say unto you, he shall in no wise lose his reward.
  • Mark 7:8 For laying aside the commandment of God, ye hold the tradition of men, as the washing of pots and cups: and many other such like things ye do.
  • John 18:11 Then said Jesus unto Peter, Put up thy sword into the sheath: the cup which my Father hath given me, shall I not drink it?