Thus saith the LORD; For three transgressions of Gaza, and for four, I will not turn away the punishment thereof; because they carried away captive the whole captivity, to deliver them up to Edom:

AMOS 1:6KJV
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What does Amos 1:6 mean?

Amos 1:6 says that God will not hold back punishment from Gaza because they took an entire population captive and handed them over to Edom. The verse uses a formula—“for three transgressions... and for four”—to show that Gaza’s repeated wrongdoing has reached a breaking point.

In this verse, the prophet Amos is speaking God’s message of judgment against Gaza, a Philistine city. The charge is that Gaza captured whole communities and sold them as slaves to Edom, another nation. This act of violence and betrayal is highlighted as especially serious, setting the stage for God’s coming judgment on the surrounding nations.

The Hebrew behind Amos 1:6

  • “Transgressions” (פֶּשַׁע, pesha‘) refers to rebellious acts or willful wrongdoing, not just accidental mistakes. This word emphasizes that Gaza’s actions were deliberate violations.
  • “Carried away captive” (גָּלָה, galah) means to take people away from their homeland, often by force. This highlights the seriousness of Gaza’s crime—they uprooted entire communities.
  • “Whole” (שָׁלֵם, shalem) means complete or entire. The verse stresses that Gaza didn’t just take a few people, but captured entire populations.
  • “Up” (סָגַר, sagar) means to deliver or hand over, often with the sense of shutting in or confining. Gaza is accused of turning over captives to Edom, intensifying their guilt.

Why Amos 1:6 matters

  • Amos 1:6 shows that God holds nations accountable for cruelty and injustice, even those outside Israel.
  • The verse clarifies that God’s judgment is not random but is a response to repeated, serious offenses, especially the betrayal and enslavement of innocent people.
  • This verse fits into a larger pattern in Amos, where God addresses the sins of Israel’s neighbors before turning to Israel itself, showing that divine justice is impartial and far-reaching.

Where else these words appear

“captivity” Hebrew H1546 · used in 14 verses

  • 2 Kings 25:27 And it came to pass in the seven and thirtieth year of the captivity of Jehoiachin king of Judah, in the twelfth month, on the seven and twentieth day of the month, that Evilmerodach king of Babylon in the year that he began to reign did lift up the head of Jehoiachin king of Judah out of prison;
  • Jeremiah 28:4 And I will bring again to this place Jeconiah the son of Jehoiakim king of Judah, with all the captives of Judah, that went into Babylon, saith the LORD: for I will break the yoke of the king of Babylon.
  • Ezekiel 1:2 In the fifth day of the month, which was the fifth year of king Jehoiachin's captivity,

“Gaza” Hebrew H5804 · used in 20 verses

  • Genesis 10:19 And the border of the Canaanites was from Sidon, as thou comest to Gerar, unto Gaza; as thou goest, unto Sodom, and Gomorrah, and Admah, and Zeboim, even unto Lasha.
  • Judges 6:4 And they encamped against them, and destroyed the increase of the earth, till thou come unto Gaza, and left no sustenance for Israel, neither sheep, nor ox, nor ass.
  • 1 Chronicles 7:28 And their possessions and habitations were, Bethel and the towns thereof, and eastward Naaran, and westward Gezer, with the towns thereof; Shechem also and the towns thereof, unto Gaza and the towns thereof:

“whole” Hebrew H8003 · used in 26 verses

  • Genesis 15:16 But in the fourth generation they shall come hither again: for the iniquity of the Amorites is not yet full.
  • 1 Kings 11:4 For it came to pass, when Solomon was old, that his wives turned away his heart after other gods: and his heart was not perfect with the LORD his God, as was the heart of David his father.
  • 2 Chronicles 8:16 Now all the work of Solomon was prepared unto the day of the foundation of the house of the LORD, and until it was finished. So the house of the LORD was perfected.

“up” Hebrew H5462 · used in 87 verses

  • Genesis 2:21 And the LORD God caused a deep sleep to fall upon Adam, and he slept: and he took one of his ribs, and closed up the flesh instead thereof;
  • 1 Samuel 1:6 And her adversary also provoked her sore, for to make her fret, because the LORD had shut up her womb.
  • Job 11:10 If he cut off, and shut up, or gather together, then who can hinder him?