Genesis 21:27 (KJV)

What does Genesis 21:27 mean?

Genesis 21:27 describes Abraham giving sheep and oxen to Abimelech, and the two of them making a covenant together. This verse shows the formal beginning of an agreement or treaty between Abraham and Abimelech, using livestock as part of the process.

In this scene, Abraham is interacting with Abimelech, the Philistine king, after a dispute over a well. The giving of animals is a traditional way to seal an agreement in the ancient world, showing goodwill and seriousness. The verse marks a moment of peace and cooperation between Abraham and a local ruler, setting the stage for their relationship going forward.

The Hebrew behind Genesis 21:27

• The word for "covenant" is בְּרִית (berit), which refers to a solemn agreement or treaty. In ancient times, a בְּרִית (berit) was often marked by a ritual or exchange, showing lasting commitment between parties.
• The verb "made" is כָּרַת (karat), which literally means "to cut." This reflects the ancient practice of "cutting" a covenant, sometimes involving the sacrifice of animals, symbolizing the seriousness of the agreement.

Why Genesis 21:27 matters

• Genesis 21:27 clarifies that Abraham’s relationship with his neighbors involved formal agreements, not just personal faith or family matters.
• The verse highlights the importance of peaceful negotiation and mutual respect in resolving disputes, as seen in the larger story about the well.
• Understanding the use of livestock and the ritual of "cutting" a covenant helps modern readers see how binding and public these ancient agreements were, and why they mattered so much in the story of Abraham.