And they shall be afraid and ashamed of Ethiopia their expectation, and of Egypt their glory.

ISAIAH 20:5KJV
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What does Isaiah 20:5 mean?

Isaiah 20:5 describes how people who had placed their hope and pride in Ethiopia and Egypt would end up feeling afraid and deeply ashamed when those nations failed to protect them. The verse warns that trusting in these powerful neighbors for security would lead only to disappointment and humiliation.

In this passage, the prophet Isaiah is speaking to the people of Judah during a time when they were tempted to rely on alliances with Ethiopia (also called Cush) and Egypt for safety against the threat of Assyria. Isaiah’s message is that these alliances would not save them; instead, those who looked to Ethiopia as their “expectation” and Egypt as their “glory” would be left exposed and embarrassed when those nations were defeated.

The Hebrew behind Isaiah 20:5

  • afraid (חָתַת, ḥātat): This word often means to be shattered or dismayed, not just fearful. It suggests a deep, unsettling fear that comes from seeing one’s hopes collapse.
  • ashamed (בּוֹשׁ, bosh): This word means to feel shame or disgrace, especially when something you trusted in lets you down.
  • Ethiopia (כּוּשׁ, kush): Refers to the ancient kingdom south of Egypt, known for its strength. The people saw it as a powerful ally.
  • expectation (מִבְטָח, mivtaḥ): This word means a place of trust or confidence, highlighting that people were relying on Ethiopia for security.
  • Egypt (מִצְרַיִם, mitzrayim): Egypt was a symbol of power and wealth, often looked to for help in times of trouble.
  • glory (תִּפְאֶרֶת, tif’eret): This word means beauty, splendor, or pride. Egypt was admired and seen as a source of honor.

Why Isaiah 20:5 matters

  • Isaiah 20:5 clarifies that political alliances, even with strong nations, can fail and leave people feeling vulnerable and humiliated.
  • The verse highlights the danger of misplaced trust, especially when it comes to seeking security from sources other than God.
  • Understanding this verse helps make sense of the surrounding passage, where Isaiah acts out a sign to show the coming defeat of Egypt and Ethiopia, warning Judah not to depend on them.

Where else these words appear

“expectation” Hebrew H4007 · used in 3 verses

  • Isaiah 20:6 And the inhabitant of this isle shall say in that day, Behold, such is our expectation, whither we flee for help to be delivered from the king of Assyria: and how shall we escape?
  • Zechariah 9:5 Ashkelon shall see it, and fear; Gaza also shall see it, and be very sorrowful, and Ekron; for her expectation shall be ashamed; and the king shall perish from Gaza, and Ashkelon shall not be inhabited.

“Ethiopia” Hebrew H3568 · used in 30 verses

  • Genesis 2:13 And the name of the second river is Gihon: the same is it that compasseth the whole land of Ethiopia.
  • Esther 8:9 Then were the king's scribes called at that time in the third month, that is, the month Sivan, on the three and twentieth day thereof; and it was written according to all that Mordecai commanded unto the Jews, and to the lieutenants, and the deputies and rulers of the provinces which are from India unto Ethiopia, an hundred twenty and seven provinces, unto every province according to the writing thereof, and unto every people after their language, and to the Jews according to their writing, and according to their language.
  • Isaiah 43:3 For I am the LORD thy God, the Holy One of Israel, thy Saviour: I gave Egypt for thy ransom, Ethiopia and Seba for thee.

“afraid” Hebrew H2865 · used in 48 verses

  • Deuteronomy 1:21 Behold, the LORD thy God hath set the land before thee: go up and possess it, as the LORD God of thy fathers hath said unto thee; fear not, neither be discouraged.
  • Job 31:34 Did I fear a great multitude, or did the contempt of families terrify me, that I kept silence, and went not out of the door?
  • Jeremiah 17:18 Let them be confounded that persecute me, but let not me be confounded: let them be dismayed, but let not me be dismayed: bring upon them the day of evil, and destroy them with double destruction.

“glory” Hebrew H8597 · used in 50 verses

  • Exodus 28:2 And thou shalt make holy garments for Aaron thy brother for glory and for beauty.
  • Proverbs 19:11 The discretion of a man deferreth his anger; and it is his glory to pass over a transgression.
  • Isaiah 63:12 That led them by the right hand of Moses with his glorious arm, dividing the water before them, to make himself an everlasting name?