Shout against her round about: she hath given her hand: her foundations are fallen, her walls are thrown down: for it is the vengeance of the LORD: take vengeance upon her; as she hath done, do unto her.

JEREMIAH 50:15KJV
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What does Jeremiah 50:15 mean?

Jeremiah 50:15 describes the downfall of Babylon, calling for its attackers to surround the city, shout against it, and destroy its defenses as an act of God's vengeance, repaying Babylon for what it has done to others. The verse emphasizes that Babylon's punishment is a direct response to its own actions, carried out under God's judgment.

In this verse, the prophet Jeremiah is speaking God's message to the nations who will attack Babylon. The historical setting is the coming conquest of Babylon by enemy armies, likely referring to the Medes and Persians. The language paints a vivid picture of Babylon's collapse—its foundations and walls falling—making clear that this is not just a military defeat but a divinely ordered act of justice.

The Hebrew behind Jeremiah 50:15

  • "Shout" (רָנַע, rûa‘): This word means to raise a loud cry or battle shout. It signals not just noise but an aggressive, triumphant call, highlighting the intensity of the attack on Babylon.
  • "Vengeance" (נְקָמָה, neqāmāh and נָקַם, nāqam): Both the noun and verb for vengeance are used, stressing that this is a deliberate act of retribution, not random violence. The repetition underlines that Babylon is being repaid in kind for its own actions.
  • "Given her hand" (נָתַן, nathan + יָד, yad): This phrase often means surrender or making peace, suggesting Babylon has been forced to yield or submit, a striking image for such a powerful city.

Why Jeremiah 50:15 matters

  • Jeremiah 50:15 clarifies that Babylon's fall is not just the result of human warfare but is portrayed as God's direct response to Babylon's own wrongdoings.
  • The verse connects Babylon's punishment to the principle of retribution—"as she hath done, do unto her"—which is a recurring theme in prophetic literature.
  • This verse helps the reader see the larger context of Jeremiah 50, where Babylon, once an instrument of judgment, now becomes the object of judgment itself, showing a reversal of roles in God's plan.

Where else these words appear

“vengeance” Hebrew H5360 · used in 22 verses

  • Numbers 31:2 Avenge the children of Israel of the Midianites: afterward shalt thou be gathered unto thy people.
  • Psalms 94:1 O LORD God, to whom vengeance belongeth; O God, to whom vengeance belongeth, shew thyself.
  • Jeremiah 51:6 Flee out of the midst of Babylon, and deliver every man his soul: be not cut off in her iniquity; for this is the time of the LORD'S vengeance; he will render unto her a recompence.

“vengeance” Hebrew H5358 · used in 31 verses

  • Genesis 4:15 And the LORD said unto him, Therefore whosoever slayeth Cain, vengeance shall be taken on him sevenfold. And the LORD set a mark upon Cain, lest any finding him should kill him.
  • Judges 16:28 And Samson called unto the LORD, and said, O Lord GOD, remember me, I pray thee, and strengthen me, I pray thee, only this once, O God, that I may be at once avenged of the Philistines for my two eyes.
  • Jeremiah 5:9 Shall I not visit for these things? saith the LORD: and shall not my soul be avenged on such a nation as this?

“Shout” Hebrew H7321 · used in 42 verses

  • Numbers 10:7 But when the congregation is to be gathered together, ye shall blow, but ye shall not sound an alarm.
  • 2 Chronicles 13:15 Then the men of Judah gave a shout: and as the men of Judah shouted, it came to pass, that God smote Jeroboam and all Israel before Abijah and Judah.
  • Psalms 98:6 With trumpets and sound of cornet make a joyful noise before the LORD, the King.

“down” Hebrew H2040 · used in 42 verses

  • Exodus 15:7 And in the greatness of thine excellency thou hast overthrown them that rose up against thee: thou sentest forth thy wrath, which consumed them as stubble.
  • Psalms 28:5 Because they regard not the works of the LORD, nor the operation of his hands, he shall destroy them, and not build them up.
  • Jeremiah 45:4 Thus shalt thou say unto him, The LORD saith thus; Behold, that which I have built will I break down, and that which I have planted I will pluck up, even this whole land.