There was not a word of all that Moses commanded, which Joshua read not before all the congregation of Israel, with the women, and the little ones, and the strangers that were conversant among them.

JOSHUA 8:35KJV
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What does Joshua 8:35 mean?

Joshua 8:35 says that Joshua read every single word of the law that Moses had commanded, making sure the entire assembly of Israel heard it—including women, children, and foreigners living with them. No one present was left out of hearing these instructions.

Joshua is leading the people of Israel after a major victory at Ai. In this moment, he gathers everyone—men, women, children, and even non-Israelites who lived among them—to listen as he reads aloud all the words Moses had given from God. The verse highlights how thorough Joshua was in making sure everyone, regardless of status or background, heard the law.

The Hebrew behind Joshua 8:35

  • The word דָּבָר (davar, H1697) means "word" or "thing." Here, it emphasizes that not a single instruction or detail from Moses was left out.
  • The word קָרָא (qara, H7121) means "to read aloud" or "proclaim." Joshua is not just reading privately; he is publicly declaring the law for all to hear.
  • The word גֵּר (ger, H1616) refers to a "stranger" or "sojourner," meaning foreigners living among the Israelites. Their inclusion shows the law was meant to be heard by everyone in the community, not just native Israelites.
  • The word הָלַךְ (halakh, H1980), translated here as "conversant," literally means "walking" or "living among." It points out that these strangers were part of daily life in Israel and were included in this important moment.

Why Joshua 8:35 matters

  • This verse clears up any idea that only certain people were meant to hear or follow God's law; everyone present, regardless of gender, age, or nationality, was included.
  • Joshua 8:35 shows the importance of transparency and inclusiveness in sharing God's instructions, reflecting a community responsibility.
  • The verse connects to the wider passage where Israel renews its commitment to God's covenant after entering the land, showing that the law was central to their identity and unity.

Where else these words appear

“ones” Hebrew H2945 · used in 42 verses

  • Genesis 34:29 And all their wealth, and all their little ones, and their wives took they captive, and spoiled even all that was in the house.
  • Numbers 16:27 So they gat up from the tabernacle of Korah, Dathan, and Abiram, on every side: and Dathan and Abiram came out, and stood in the door of their tents, and their wives, and their sons, and their little children.
  • Deuteronomy 31:12 Gather the people together, men, and women, and children, and thy stranger that is within thy gates, that they may hear, and that they may learn, and fear the LORD your God, and observe to do all the words of this law:

“strangers” Hebrew H1616 · used in 83 verses

  • Genesis 15:13 And he said unto Abram, Know of a surety that thy seed shall be a stranger in a land that is not theirs, and shall serve them; and they shall afflict them four hundred years;
  • Leviticus 25:35 And if thy brother be waxen poor, and fallen in decay with thee; then thou shalt relieve him: yea, though he be a stranger, or a sojourner; that he may live with thee.
  • Deuteronomy 26:13 Then thou shalt say before the LORD thy God, I have brought away the hallowed things out of mine house, and also have given them unto the Levite, and unto the stranger, to the fatherless, and to the widow, according to all thy commandments which thou hast commanded me: I have not transgressed thy commandments, neither have I forgotten them:

“congregation” Hebrew H6951 · used in 116 verses

  • Genesis 28:3 And God Almighty bless thee, and make thee fruitful, and multiply thee, that thou mayest be a multitude of people;
  • 1 Kings 8:55 And he stood, and blessed all the congregation of Israel with a loud voice, saying,
  • Nehemiah 7:66 The whole congregation together was forty and two thousand three hundred and threescore,