Then Jesus said unto them, Take heed and beware of the leaven of the Pharisees and of the Sadducees.

MATTHEW 16:6KJV
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What does Matthew 16:6 mean?

Matthew 16:6 records Jesus warning his disciples to be careful and watch out for the "leaven" of the Pharisees and Sadducees, using "leaven" as a symbol for something that can spread and influence. Jesus is telling them to be alert to the teachings or attitudes of these religious groups, which can have a hidden, growing effect.

In this scene, Jesus is speaking directly to his close followers after a confrontation with the Pharisees and Sadducees, who had just demanded a sign from him. The warning uses the everyday image of leaven (yeast), which works quietly but changes the whole batch of dough, to help the disciples understand that the influence of these groups—likely their teachings or mindset—can be subtle but far-reaching.

The Greek behind Matthew 16:6

  • "Leaven" (ζύμη, zymē): In Greek, this word refers to yeast or fermenting agent, but it is often used figuratively for something that spreads and affects everything it touches. Here, it points to the influence of the Pharisees and Sadducees, not something physical.
  • "Take heed" (ὁρᾶτε, horate): This word means to see or to pay close attention. Jesus is telling the disciples to be on the lookout, not just casually aware.
  • "Beware" (προσέχετε, prosechete): This verb means to be cautious or to guard against something. The sense is active, not passive—Jesus wants the disciples to be on guard, not just informed.

Why Matthew 16:6 matters

  • The verse clears up that Jesus is not talking about literal bread or baking, but about the influence of certain teachings or attitudes, which the disciples initially misunderstood.
  • It highlights how spiritual or ideological influences can be subtle, starting small but eventually affecting much more than expected, just as leaven works in dough.
  • This warning connects to the larger theme in Matthew of being discerning about religious leadership and teachings, especially those that might look good on the surface but are spiritually unhealthy.

Where else these words appear

“leaven” Greek G2219 · used in 11 verses

  • Matthew 13:33 Another parable spake he unto them; The kingdom of heaven is like unto leaven, which a woman took, and hid in three measures of meal, till the whole was leavened.
  • Mark 8:15 And he charged them, saying, Take heed, beware of the leaven of the Pharisees, and of the leaven of Herod.
  • 1 Corinthians 5:6 Your glorying is not good. Know ye not that a little leaven leaveneth the whole lump?

“Sadducees” Greek G4523 · used in 14 verses

  • Matthew 3:7 But when he saw many of the Pharisees and Sadducees come to his baptism, he said unto them, O generation of vipers, who hath warned you to flee from the wrath to come?
  • Matthew 22:23 The same day came to him the Sadducees, which say that there is no resurrection, and asked him,
  • Acts 4:1 And as they spake unto the people, the priests, and the captain of the temple, and the Sadducees, came upon them,

“beware” Greek G4337 · used in 24 verses

  • Matthew 6:1 Take heed that ye do not your alms before men, to be seen of them: otherwise ye have no reward of your Father which is in heaven.
  • Luke 20:46 Beware of the scribes, which desire to walk in long robes, and love greetings in the markets, and the highest seats in the synagogues, and the chief rooms at feasts;
  • 1 Timothy 1:4 Neither give heed to fables and endless genealogies, which minister questions, rather than godly edifying which is in faith: so do.

“heed” Greek G3708 · used in 55 verses

  • Matthew 8:4 And Jesus saith unto him, See thou tell no man; but go thy way, shew thyself to the priest, and offer the gift that Moses commanded, for a testimony unto them.
  • John 5:37 And the Father himself, which hath sent me, hath borne witness of me. Ye have neither heard his voice at any time, nor seen his shape.
  • 1 Corinthians 9:1 Am I not an apostle? am I not free? have I not seen Jesus Christ our Lord? are not ye my work in the Lord?