Psalms 139:21 (KJV)

What does Psalms 139:21 mean?

Psalms 139:21 expresses the psalmist’s strong feelings against those who oppose God, stating that he hates those who hate the LORD and is deeply troubled by those who rebel against God. The verse shows the psalmist’s loyalty to God and his emotional response to people who are hostile toward God.

In this verse, David is speaking directly to God, emphasizing his alignment with God’s values and his distress over those who are against God. The language is intense, reflecting a deep personal commitment and a sense of solidarity with God’s cause. This verse is part of a larger psalm where David reflects on God’s knowledge of him and his desire to distance himself from those who oppose God.

The Hebrew behind Psalms 139:21

• The word "hate" (שָׂנֵא, śānē’) appears twice and means a strong rejection or opposition, not just an emotional dislike. Here, it highlights David’s clear stance against those who are hostile to God, showing that his loyalty is not neutral.
• The word "grieved" (קָטַט, qāṭaṭ) carries a sense of deep pain or indignation. David is not just intellectually opposed to God’s enemies; he is emotionally affected by their rebellion.
• The word "up" (תְּקוֹמְמֶיךָ, təqomemekha) comes from a root meaning to rise up or rebel. It describes those who actively oppose or challenge God, not just passive disagreement.

Why Psalms 139:21 matters

• This verse clarifies that David’s loyalty to God is not passive; he feels a strong, personal response to those who oppose God, which helps explain the emotional tone of the whole psalm.
• The verse connects to the wider passage by showing that knowing and loving God also means taking a stand against what is opposed to God, reinforcing the theme of personal alignment with God’s ways.
• Understanding the original words for "hate" and "grieved" helps modern readers see that David’s reaction is about deep loyalty and emotional investment, not casual dislike or personal vendetta.