Deuteronomy 5:18 (KJV)

What does Deuteronomy 5:18 mean?

Deuteronomy 5:18 is a direct command that forbids committing adultery, meaning a married person having sexual relations with someone who is not their spouse. This verse is part of the Ten Commandments, laying out clear moral boundaries for the community.

In Deuteronomy, Moses is speaking to the people of Israel as they prepare to enter the land God promised them. He is repeating the commandments given earlier at Mount Sinai, reminding the people of the core rules for living in right relationship with God and each other. This command protects the trust and faithfulness expected in marriage, which was seen as foundational for the stability of families and society.

The Hebrew behind Deuteronomy 5:18

• The Hebrew word for "commit adultery" is נָאַף (na’af), which specifically refers to a married person being unfaithful to their spouse. This word highlights that the command is about preserving the exclusivity and loyalty of the marriage relationship.
• The use of נָאַף (na’af) in this context makes it clear that the focus is on marital faithfulness, not just general sexual morality. This helps distinguish the command from others that address different kinds of sexual wrongdoing.

Why Deuteronomy 5:18 matters

• This verse clarifies that the commandment is not a vague warning against all sexual behavior, but a specific protection of the marriage bond.
• Placing this command in the middle of the Ten Commandments shows its importance for the health of the whole community, not just individual families.
• By repeating the command as Israel prepares to enter the promised land, Moses emphasizes that faithfulness in marriage is a key part of living as God’s people.