Leviticus 20:19 (KJV)

What does Leviticus 20:19 mean?

Leviticus 20:19 forbids sexual relations with one’s mother’s sister or father’s sister, calling this an offense against a close family member and saying those who do it will bear their wrongdoing. The verse makes clear that such relationships are considered a serious violation of family boundaries in ancient Israelite law.

In this passage, God is giving instructions to the Israelites through Moses about forbidden sexual relationships. The focus is on protecting the dignity and structure of the family by setting clear limits on which relatives one may not approach sexually. The verse uses strong language to stress the seriousness of the offense and the personal responsibility ("they shall bear their iniquity") for breaking this command.

The Hebrew behind Leviticus 20:19

• "Uncover" (גָּלָה, galah): This word is often used in Leviticus for sexual relations, especially in the phrase "uncover the nakedness," which is a modest way to refer to sexual activity. It highlights the seriousness and shame associated with violating these boundaries.
• "Nakedness" (עֶרְוָה, ervah): This term refers to the intimate parts of the body and, by extension, to sexual relations. Its use here emphasizes that the law is about more than just physical exposure; it is about forbidden sexual acts.
• "Kin" (שְׁאֵר, she’er): This word means "close relative" or "flesh." Its use in this verse underlines that the prohibition is about protecting the closeness and integrity of family relationships.
• "Bear" (נָשָׂא, nasa): This verb means "to carry" or "to bear," and in this context, it means to accept the consequences or guilt for the wrongdoing. It stresses personal accountability for breaking this law.
• "Iniquity" (עָוֹן, avon): This word means "guilt" or "sin." It signals that this act is not just a social taboo but a moral and spiritual offense.

Why Leviticus 20:19 matters

• Leviticus 20:19 clarifies that the laws about sexual boundaries in the family are not just suggestions but carry real consequences for those who break them.
• The verse highlights the importance of respecting family relationships and the seriousness with which ancient Israel viewed these boundaries.
• By repeating and expanding on earlier laws (see Leviticus 18), this verse shows the ongoing emphasis in the book on holiness and separation from the practices of surrounding nations.