Matthew 22:20 (KJV)

What does Matthew 22:20 mean?

Matthew 22:20 records Jesus asking a group of questioners whose image and inscription appear on a coin. Jesus is drawing attention to the markings on the coin as part of a larger point about authority and allegiance.

In this scene, Jesus is speaking to religious leaders who are trying to trap him with a question about paying taxes to the Roman emperor. By asking about the image and superscription on the coin, Jesus points them to the obvious fact that the coin bears Caesar’s likeness and writing, setting up his famous teaching about giving to Caesar what belongs to Caesar and to God what belongs to God.

The Greek behind Matthew 22:20

• εἰκών (eikōn, "image"): This word refers to a likeness or portrait, here meaning the face or figure stamped on the coin. Jesus’ use of "image" highlights the coin’s connection to Caesar.
• ἐπιγραφή (epigraphē, "superscription"): This means an inscription or written title, referring to the words engraved on the coin. The inscription would typically declare Caesar’s name and titles, further emphasizing the coin’s association with Roman authority.

Why Matthew 22:20 matters

• This verse clarifies that Jesus is not ignoring the practical realities of Roman rule but is instead using the coin’s markings to make a thoughtful distinction between earthly and divine claims.
• By focusing on the image and inscription, Jesus cleverly avoids a direct political answer, sidestepping the trap set by his opponents.
• Understanding this moment helps make sense of the famous teaching that follows, showing how Jesus responds wisely to difficult questions about faith and civic duty.