And the spirit of jealousy come upon him, and he be jealous of his wife, and she be defiled: or if the spirit of jealousy come upon him, and he be jealous of his wife, and she be not defiled:

NUMBERS 5:14KJV
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What does Numbers 5:14 mean?

Numbers 5:14 describes a situation where a husband becomes suspicious that his wife has been unfaithful, whether or not she actually has been. The verse explains that if a "spirit of jealousy" comes over him and he suspects his wife, the process described in the surrounding verses is to be followed.

In this part of the book of Numbers, God is giving Moses instructions for the Israelites about how to handle cases of suspected adultery when there is no clear evidence. The verse repeats the idea to cover both possibilities: whether the wife is actually guilty ("defiled") or not. This sets up the procedure for resolving jealousy and suspicion in a marriage, aiming to bring clarity and justice in a difficult situation.

The Hebrew behind Numbers 5:14

  • The word "spirit" (רוּחַ, ruach) here means more than just a feeling; it often refers to a strong inner impulse or influence. In this context, it describes an overwhelming sense or suspicion that drives the husband's concern.
  • "Jealousy" (קִנְאָה, qin'ah) is a word that can mean zeal or passionate concern, but here it specifically refers to suspicion of unfaithfulness in marriage.
  • "Jealous" (קָנָא, qanah) is the verb form, meaning to be suspicious or possessive, especially in the context of a marital relationship.
  • "Defiled" (טָמֵא, tame) means to be made ritually or morally unclean, which in this context refers to the possibility of adultery.

Why Numbers 5:14 matters

  • Numbers 5:14 clarifies that the ritual described is not only for cases where adultery has actually happened, but also for cases where there is only suspicion.
  • The verse emphasizes the seriousness with which marital faithfulness was treated in ancient Israel and the need for a fair process when accusations arise.
  • This verse helps explain the background for the "ordeal of jealousy" described in the following verses, showing that the procedure was meant to address both real and suspected unfaithfulness.

Where else these words appear

“jealous” Hebrew H7065 · used in 28 verses

  • Genesis 26:14 For he had possession of flocks, and possession of herds, and great store of servants: and the Philistines envied him.
  • 2 Samuel 21:2 And the king called the Gibeonites, and said unto them;(now the Gibeonites were not of the children of Israel, but of the remnant of the Amorites; and the children of Israel had sworn unto them: and Saul sought to slay them in his zeal to the children of Israel and Judah.)
  • Proverbs 23:17 Let not thine heart envy sinners: but be thou in the fear of the LORD all the day long.

“jealousy” Hebrew H7068 · used in 41 verses

  • Numbers 5:15 Then shall the man bring his wife unto the priest, and he shall bring her offering for her, the tenth part of an ephah of barley meal; he shall pour no oil upon it, nor put frankincense thereon; for it is an offering of jealousy, an offering of memorial, bringing iniquity to remembrance.
  • Proverbs 6:34 For jealousy is the rage of a man: therefore he will not spare in the day of vengeance.
  • Ezekiel 5:13 Thus shall mine anger be accomplished, and I will cause my fury to rest upon them, and I will be comforted: and they shall know that I the LORD have spoken it in my zeal, when I have accomplished my fury in them.

“defiled” Hebrew H2930 · used in 142 verses

  • Genesis 34:5 And Jacob heard that he had defiled Dinah his daughter: now his sons were with his cattle in the field: and Jacob held his peace until they were come.
  • Leviticus 15:19 And if a woman have an issue, and her issue in her flesh be blood, she shall be put apart seven days: and whosoever toucheth her shall be unclean until the even.
  • Deuteronomy 21:23 His body shall not remain all night upon the tree, but thou shalt in any wise bury him that day;(for he that is hanged is accursed of God;) that thy land be not defiled, which the LORD thy God giveth thee for an inheritance.