So then if, while her husband liveth, she be married to another man, she shall be called an adulteress: but if her husband be dead, she is free from that law; so that she is no adulteress, though she be married to another man.

ROMANS 7:3KJV
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What does Romans 7:3 mean?

Romans 7:3 says that if a married woman joins herself to another man while her husband is still alive, she is considered an adulteress, but if her husband has died, she is no longer bound by that law and is free to marry another man without being called an adulteress. This verse uses marriage laws to illustrate when a person is or is not under a specific legal obligation.

Paul is writing to believers in Rome, using the example of marriage to explain how law works in everyday life. The point is to show that death changes a person’s relationship to the law, just as a widow is no longer bound to her husband by marriage law after his death. Paul is setting up an analogy to help his readers understand a deeper spiritual point about being released from the law.

The Greek behind Romans 7:3

  • ἀδελφὴ (gynē, "woman" or "wife") and ἀνήρ (anēr, "man" or "husband") are both used here, showing that the law applies specifically to the marriage relationship, not just any relationship between a man and a woman.
  • μοιχαλίς (moichalis, "adulteress") is the word for a woman who breaks the marriage bond by joining herself to another man while her husband is alive; this term is strong and socially loaded, emphasizing the seriousness of the offense in that culture.
  • ἐλευθέρα (eleuthera, "free") means released or not bound, highlighting that the woman’s obligation to the law ends with her husband’s death, not by her own choice or action.

Why Romans 7:3 matters

  • Romans 7:3 clarifies that the law’s authority is not permanent; it has limits, and those limits are set by life and death.
  • This verse helps explain Paul’s larger argument that believers are released from the law through death (in the spiritual sense, through Christ), just as a widow is released from marriage law.
  • Understanding this verse prevents confusion about whether Paul is teaching about marriage itself; he is using marriage as an example to make a point about law and freedom.

Where else these words appear

“adulteress” Greek G3428 · used in 6 verses

  • Matthew 12:39 But he answered and said unto them, An evil and adulterous generation seeketh after a sign; and there shall no sign be given to it, but the sign of the prophet Jonas:
  • Matthew 16:4 A wicked and adulterous generation seeketh after a sign; and there shall no sign be given unto it, but the sign of the prophet Jonas. And he left them, and departed.
  • James 4:4 Ye adulterers and adulteresses, know ye not that the friendship of the world is enmity with God? whosoever therefore will be a friend of the world is the enemy of God.

“called” Greek G5537 · used in 9 verses

  • Matthew 2:12 And being warned of God in a dream that they should not return to Herod, they departed into their own country another way.
  • Luke 2:26 And it was revealed unto him by the Holy Ghost, that he should not see death, before he had seen the Lord's Christ.
  • Hebrews 8:5 Who serve unto the example and shadow of heavenly things, as Moses was admonished of God when he was about to make the tabernacle: for, See, saith he, that thou make all things according to the pattern shewed to thee in the mount.

“free” Greek G1658 · used in 23 verses

  • Matthew 17:26 Peter saith unto him, Of strangers. Jesus saith unto him, Then are the children free.
  • 1 Corinthians 9:1 Am I not an apostle? am I not free? have I not seen Jesus Christ our Lord? are not ye my work in the Lord?
  • Galatians 4:30 Nevertheless what saith the scripture? Cast out the bondwoman and her son: for the son of the bondwoman shall not be heir with the son of the freewoman.

“then” Greek G686 · used in 51 verses

  • Matthew 7:20 Wherefore by their fruits ye shall know them.
  • Acts 8:22 Repent therefore of this thy wickedness, and pray God, if perhaps the thought of thine heart may be forgiven thee.
  • 1 Corinthians 15:14 And if Christ be not risen, then is our preaching vain, and your faith is also vain.