Ruth 1:5 (KJV)

What does Ruth 1:5 mean?

Ruth 1:5 tells us that both Mahlon and Chilion, the two sons of Naomi, died, leaving Naomi without her sons and her husband. This verse highlights Naomi’s complete loss and isolation in a foreign land.

The verse is part of the opening scene in the book of Ruth, where Naomi, her husband, and their two sons had moved from Bethlehem to Moab because of a famine. After her husband’s earlier death, Naomi’s sons also die, leaving her alone with her Moabite daughters-in-law. This sets the stage for the rest of the story, showing the depth of Naomi’s grief and the challenges she faces.

The Hebrew behind Ruth 1:5

• "died" (מֵתוּ, mêtû): This word is used for both sons, emphasizing that their deaths were final and left Naomi with no immediate family.
• "left" (וַתִּשָּׁאֵר, vattiša’ēr): This word means to be left behind or to remain, underlining Naomi’s sense of being alone and abandoned after losing her family.
• "woman" (הָאִשָּׁה, ha’ishah): The verse refers to Naomi simply as “the woman,” which can highlight her vulnerability and the loss of her identity tied to her family.

Why Ruth 1:5 matters

• Ruth 1:5 makes clear the totality of Naomi’s loss, which is crucial for understanding her later bitterness and the significance of Ruth’s loyalty.
• By stating that Naomi was left without her sons and husband, the verse sets up the desperate situation that drives the rest of the narrative, including Naomi’s return to Bethlehem and Ruth’s decision to stay with her.
• The verse helps readers see the cultural and personal vulnerability of a woman in the ancient world who has lost all her male protectors and providers.