The old lion perisheth for lack of prey, and the stout lion's whelps are scattered abroad.

JOB 4:11KJV
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What does Job 4:11 mean?

Job 4:11 describes how even the strongest lions can die if they cannot find food, and how the young lions are scattered when this happens. The verse uses the image of lions to show that strength and power do not guarantee survival or security.

In this verse, Eliphaz is speaking to Job during their conversation about suffering and justice. Eliphaz uses the example of lions—the old lion and the stout lion’s whelps (young lions)—to illustrate that even the mighty can fall when they lack what they need. This is part of Eliphaz’s argument that trouble does not come out of nowhere, but often has a cause or reason.

The Hebrew behind Job 4:11

  • לָבִיא (lāvîʾ, "lion"): This word refers to a strong, mature lion, emphasizing the idea of power and dominance. Eliphaz’s use of this term highlights that even the most powerful are not immune to hardship.
  • אָבַד (ʾāvad, "perisheth"): This word means to perish or be destroyed. The sense here is not just dying, but being completely undone, which adds weight to the image of a once-mighty lion brought low.
  • טֶרֶף (ṭereph, "prey"): This word means food or what is hunted. The lack of prey is the direct cause of the lion’s downfall, underlining the basic need for sustenance, no matter how strong the creature.
  • בְּנֵי (benê, "whelps"): This word means sons or offspring, here referring to lion cubs. The scattering of the whelps shows the consequences of the older lion’s downfall, affecting the next generation.

Why Job 4:11 matters

  • Job 4:11 clears up the idea that strength alone is enough to guarantee safety or success; even the powerful are vulnerable if their needs are not met.
  • The verse emphasizes Eliphaz’s point that suffering and loss can happen to anyone, even those who seem secure, which challenges easy assumptions about why bad things happen.
  • This image connects to the wider argument in Job, where friends try to explain suffering and justice, often using vivid examples from nature to make their case.

Where else these words appear

“lion” Hebrew H3918 · used in 3 verses

  • Proverbs 30:30 A lion which is strongest among beasts, and turneth not away for any;
  • Isaiah 30:6 The burden of the beasts of the south: into the land of trouble and anguish, from whence come the young and old lion, the viper and fiery flying serpent, they will carry their riches upon the shoulders of young asses, and their treasures upon the bunches of camels, to a people that shall not profit them.

“lack” Hebrew H1097 · used in 14 verses

  • Genesis 31:20 And Jacob stole away unawares to Laban the Syrian, in that he told him not that he fled.
  • Job 8:11 Can the rush grow up without mire? can the flag grow without water?
  • Job 41:33 Upon earth there is not his like, who is made without fear.

“lion's” Hebrew H3833 · used in 14 verses

  • Genesis 49:9 Judah is a lion's whelp: from the prey, my son, thou art gone up: he stooped down, he couched as a lion, and as an old lion; who shall rouse him up?
  • Job 38:39 Wilt thou hunt the prey for the lion? or fill the appetite of the young lions,
  • Ezekiel 19:2 And say, What is thy mother? A lioness: she lay down among lions, she nourished her whelps among young lions.

“prey” Hebrew H2964 · used in 23 verses

  • Genesis 49:9 Judah is a lion's whelp: from the prey, my son, thou art gone up: he stooped down, he couched as a lion, and as an old lion; who shall rouse him up?
  • Psalms 111:5 He hath given meat unto them that fear him: he will ever be mindful of his covenant.
  • Ezekiel 19:6 And he went up and down among the lions, he became a young lion, and learned to catch the prey, and devoured men.