The nakedness of thy son's daughter, or of thy daughter's daughter, even their nakedness thou shalt not uncover: for theirs is thine own nakedness.

LEVITICUS 18:10KJV
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Leviticus 18:10 (KJV)

What does Leviticus 18:10 mean?

Leviticus 18:10 forbids a person from having sexual relations with their granddaughter, whether she is the daughter of their son or daughter, describing this as uncovering "their nakedness," which the verse says is also the person's own nakedness. The verse treats such a relationship as a violation of close family boundaries.

In Leviticus 18, God is speaking to the Israelites through Moses, listing forbidden sexual relationships to set apart Israel from surrounding nations. Leviticus 18:10 specifically addresses granddaughters, making clear that sexual relations with them are not allowed, and connects this prohibition to the idea that a granddaughter’s "nakedness" is closely tied to one's own, emphasizing the unity and closeness of family.

The Hebrew behind Leviticus 18:10

  • "nakedness" (עֶרְוָה, 'ervah'): This word often refers to sexual exposure or relations. Here, it highlights the seriousness of violating family boundaries, not just physical nakedness.
  • "uncover" (גָּלָה, galah): This verb means to reveal or expose. In this context, it is a common biblical way to refer to sexual relations.
  • "theirs" (הֵנָּה, henna): This pronoun points to the granddaughters, making it clear that the prohibition covers both the son’s and daughter’s daughters equally.

Why Leviticus 18:10 matters

  • Leviticus 18:10 clarifies that the law applies to both paternal and maternal granddaughters, leaving no ambiguity about the scope of the prohibition.
  • The verse emphasizes the idea that close family relationships are to be protected, and that violating these boundaries is seen as a violation against oneself as well as the family.
  • This verse fits into a larger section where God instructs Israel to avoid the sexual practices of other nations, highlighting Israel’s distinct identity and moral code.

Where else these words appear

“theirs” Hebrew H2007 · used in 24 verses

  • Genesis 6:2 That the sons of God saw the daughters of men that they were fair; and they took them wives of all which they chose.
  • Deuteronomy 20:15 Thus shalt thou do unto all the cities which are very far off from thee, which are not of the cities of these nations.
  • Jeremiah 5:6 Wherefore a lion out of the forest shall slay them, and a wolf of the evenings shall spoil them, a leopard shall watch over their cities: every one that goeth out thence shall be torn in pieces: because their transgressions are many, and their backslidings are increased.

“nakedness” Hebrew H6172 · used in 40 verses

  • Genesis 9:22 And Ham, the father of Canaan, saw the nakedness of his father, and told his two brethren without.
  • Leviticus 18:14 Thou shalt not uncover the nakedness of thy father's brother, thou shalt not approach to his wife: she is thine aunt.
  • Deuteronomy 24:1 When a man hath taken a wife, and married her, and it come to pass that she find no favour in his eyes, because he hath found some uncleanness in her: then let him write her a bill of divorcement, and give it in her hand, and send her out of his house.