And Jesus went into the temple of God, and cast out all them that sold and bought in the temple, and overthrew the tables of the moneychangers, and the seats of them that sold doves,

MATTHEW 21:12KJV
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Matthew 21:12 (KJV)

What does Matthew 21:12 mean?

Matthew 21:12 describes Jesus entering the temple in Jerusalem and forcefully removing those who were buying and selling inside, overturning the tables of the moneychangers and the seats of those selling doves. This action shows Jesus confronting people who were turning a place meant for worship into a marketplace.

In this scene, Jesus is acting publicly in the temple, the central place of worship for Jewish people. The verse highlights his disapproval of commercial activity happening within the temple courts, especially activities like exchanging money and selling animals for sacrifices. By overturning tables and driving people out, Jesus is making a bold statement about the purpose and holiness of the temple.

The Greek behind Matthew 21:12

  • The word for "moneychangers" (κολλυβιστῶν, kollubistōn) refers to people who exchanged foreign coins for the currency accepted in the temple, often charging a fee. This detail helps explain why their presence was controversial—they were seen as profiting from religious practices.
  • The word for "doves" (περιστεράς, peristeras) points to the animals sold for sacrifices, especially for those who could not afford larger offerings. Jesus overturning their seats shows concern for how even the poor were affected by the commercialization of worship.

Why Matthew 21:12 matters

  • Matthew 21:12 clears up the common misunderstanding that Jesus was simply upset about business in general; the focus is on the misuse of a sacred space and the exploitation happening there.
  • This verse sets the stage for the following verses, where Jesus explains his actions and quotes Scripture, showing that his protest is rooted in a desire to restore true worship.
  • The scene highlights Jesus’ authority and willingness to challenge established practices when they conflict with the intended purpose of worship and justice.

Where else these words appear

“overthrew” Greek G2690 · used in 2 verses

  • Mark 11:15 And they come to Jerusalem: and Jesus went into the temple, and began to cast out them that sold and bought in the temple, and overthrew the tables of the moneychangers, and the seats of them that sold doves;

“moneychangers” Greek G2855 · used in 3 verses

  • Mark 11:15 And they come to Jerusalem: and Jesus went into the temple, and began to cast out them that sold and bought in the temple, and overthrew the tables of the moneychangers, and the seats of them that sold doves;
  • John 2:15 And when he had made a scourge of small cords, he drove them all out of the temple, and the sheep, and the oxen; and poured out the changers' money, and overthrew the tables;

“seats” Greek G2515 · used in 3 verses

  • Matthew 23:2 Saying, The scribes and the Pharisees sit in Moses' seat:
  • Mark 11:15 And they come to Jerusalem: and Jesus went into the temple, and began to cast out them that sold and bought in the temple, and overthrew the tables of the moneychangers, and the seats of them that sold doves;

“doves” Greek G4058 · used in 10 verses

  • Matthew 3:16 And Jesus, when he was baptized, went up straightway out of the water: and, lo, the heavens were opened unto him, and he saw the Spirit of God descending like a dove, and lighting upon him:
  • Mark 11:15 And they come to Jerusalem: and Jesus went into the temple, and began to cast out them that sold and bought in the temple, and overthrew the tables of the moneychangers, and the seats of them that sold doves;
  • John 1:32 And John bare record, saying, I saw the Spirit descending from heaven like a dove, and it abode upon him.