Numbers 20:17 (KJV)

What does Numbers 20:17 mean?

Numbers 20:17 records the Israelites politely asking permission to travel through another nation’s land, promising not to harm crops, vineyards, or use local water, and to stick to the main road until they have passed through. The verse shows their intent to respect boundaries and not disrupt the land or its people.

In this verse, Moses is speaking to the king of Edom on behalf of the Israelites as they journey toward the Promised Land. The request is careful and respectful, emphasizing that the Israelites will not stray from the main route (the "king's highway") or take anything that belongs to Edom. This approach highlights their desire to avoid conflict and to pass peacefully through Edomite territory.

The Hebrew behind Numbers 20:17

• The word for "country" (אֶרֶץ, ’erets) means land or territory, making clear the Israelites are asking to cross Edom’s national borders, not just open land.
• "King's way" (דֶּרֶךְ הַמֶּלֶךְ, derekh hamelech) refers to a main public road, often used for trade or official travel, showing the Israelites’ intent to use an established, non-intrusive route.
• The verb "pass" (עָבַר, avar) appears several times, stressing the temporary and non-invasive nature of their journey—they are not settling or lingering, just moving through.
• "Borders" (גְּבוּל, gevul) underscores respect for Edom’s boundaries, reinforcing the promise not to trespass beyond what is permitted.

Why Numbers 20:17 matters

• This verse clarifies that the Israelites were not seeking to take anything from Edom or cause trouble, but simply needed safe passage.
• The careful language and repeated assurances show the seriousness with which the Israelites approached relations with neighboring peoples, especially when tensions could easily rise.
• The verse sets up the coming conflict in the narrative, as Edom refuses the request, highlighting the challenges the Israelites faced even when acting with respect and restraint.