Proverbs 29:2 (KJV)

What does Proverbs 29:2 mean?

Proverbs 29:2 describes the effect rulers can have on the people they govern. When those in authority are righteous—that is, people who act rightly—the community has reason for joy. When a wicked person rules, the community suffers and mourns.

The saying invites its hearers to look beyond the ruler’s position to the condition of the people under that ruler. The contrast is sharp: the verse places public rejoicing alongside public grief.

The Hebrew behind Proverbs 29:2

• “authority” — רָבָה (ravah): This word often carries the sense of increasing or becoming numerous. The KJV presents the righteous as being in authority, while the Hebrew wording also draws attention to their increase.
• “rule” — מָשַׁל (mashal): This word means to govern or exercise control. It points to the wicked person’s power over others, rather than merely to a personal fault.
• “mourn” — אָנַח (anakh): This word can mean to groan or sigh. It gives a picture of people expressing distress under an oppressive ruler.

Why Proverbs 29:2 matters

• The verse measures leadership partly by its effect on ordinary people. Both halves name “the people” and describe their response.
• The contrast concerns character as well as power. The KJV calls one group “righteous” and the other ruler “wicked,” making their conduct central to the comparison.
• The saying addresses life under a ruler, not just the ruler’s private reputation. The words “beareth rule” place the wicked person in a position to affect the wider community.