But the wicked shall perish, and the enemies of the LORD shall be as the fat of lambs: they shall consume; into smoke shall they consume away.

PSALMS 37:20KJV
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What does Psalms 37:20 mean?

Psalms 37:20 says that those who oppose God—the wicked and His enemies—will come to a complete end, disappearing as completely as the fat of lambs that burns up and vanishes into smoke. The verse uses a vivid image to show that their destruction will be total and irreversible.

In this psalm, David is writing to people who are troubled by the apparent success of the wicked. He reassures his listeners that, despite how things may look, those who do evil will not last. The picture of fat melting away in fire would have been familiar to his audience, making the point that the wicked will be gone without a trace.

The Hebrew behind Psalms 37:20

  • "wicked" (רָשָׁע, rasha): This word refers to those who act in opposition to what is right, often with a sense of active hostility toward God’s ways.
  • "fat" (יָקָר, yaqar): Here, the word usually means something precious or valuable, but in this context, it is often understood as the fat of sacrificial animals, which was burned up and disappeared entirely.
  • "consume" (כָּלָה, kalah): This word means to be finished, spent, or used up, emphasizing the idea of complete destruction.
  • "smoke" (עָשָׁן, ashan): Smoke is what remains after something is burned, quickly vanishing and leaving nothing behind, reinforcing the idea of total disappearance.

Why Psalms 37:20 matters

  • This verse corrects the idea that the wicked will always prosper or escape consequences; it promises their end is certain and complete.
  • The use of the image of fat burning up connects to the sacrificial practices familiar to ancient Israelites, making the warning more vivid and relatable.
  • In the wider context of Psalm 37, this verse reassures those who are discouraged by injustice, reminding them that God’s justice will prevail in the end.

Where else these words appear

“lambs” Hebrew H3733 · used in 15 verses

  • Genesis 31:34 Now Rachel had taken the images, and put them in the camel's furniture, and sat upon them. And Laban searched all the tent, but found them not.
  • Psalms 65:13 The pastures are clothed with flocks; the valleys also are covered over with corn; they shout for joy, they also sing.
  • Ezekiel 4:2 And lay siege against it, and build a fort against it, and cast a mount against it; set the camp also against it, and set battering rams against it round about.

“smoke” Hebrew H6227 · used in 24 verses

  • Genesis 15:17 And it came to pass, that, when the sun went down, and it was dark, behold a smoking furnace, and a burning lamp that passed between those pieces.
  • Job 41:20 Out of his nostrils goeth smoke, as out of a seething pot or caldron.
  • Isaiah 9:18 For wickedness burneth as the fire: it shall devour the briers and thorns, and shall kindle in the thickets of the forest, and they shall mount up like the lifting up of smoke.

“fat” Hebrew H3368 · used in 36 verses

  • 1 Samuel 3:1 And the child Samuel ministered unto the LORD before Eli. And the word of the LORD was precious in those days; there was no open vision.
  • 2 Chronicles 3:6 And he garnished the house with precious stones for beauty: and the gold was gold of Parvaim.
  • Proverbs 6:26 For by means of a whorish woman a man is brought to a piece of bread: and the adulteress will hunt for the precious life.