And I saw an angel come down from heaven, having the key of the bottomless pit and a great chain in his hand.

REVELATION 20:1KJV
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What does Revelation 20:1 mean?

Revelation 20:1 describes John’s vision of an angel coming down from heaven, holding the key to the bottomless pit and a large chain. This scene introduces a moment where the angel is given authority and power to restrain something or someone in the pit, setting the stage for what follows in the chapter.

In the book of Revelation, John is reporting what he sees in a vision meant to reveal future events. The “bottomless pit” is often understood as a place of confinement for evil spiritual beings. The angel’s possession of the key and chain signals that he has the means and permission to lock up what is inside, which will be explained in the next verses.

The Greek behind Revelation 20:1

  • ἄγγελος (angelos, “angel”): This word means “messenger” and is used throughout Revelation to describe supernatural beings who carry out God’s instructions. Here, the angel acts on God’s authority, not his own.
  • κλεὶς (kleis, “key”): This word refers to a key that grants access or control. The key here symbolizes authority over the bottomless pit, showing the angel is entrusted with a significant task.
  • φρέαρ (phrear, “pit”): This word means a deep well or shaft. In Revelation, it is often pictured as a prison or holding place for evil forces, not just a physical hole.
  • ἅλυσις μεγάλη (halysis megalē, “great chain”): The Greek phrase emphasizes the size and strength of the chain, suggesting that what is about to be restrained is powerful and requires serious restraint.

Why Revelation 20:1 matters

  • This verse sets up the dramatic events that follow, where the angel will bind Satan for a thousand years, making it clear that God’s authority is behind these actions.
  • The specific mention of the key and chain highlights that the angel is not acting on his own initiative but is equipped and authorized by God.
  • Understanding the imagery of the bottomless pit and the chain helps clarify that this is about spiritual realities and not just physical objects, preparing the reader for the symbolic language that continues throughout Revelation 20.

Where else these words appear

“key” Greek G2807 · used in 6 verses

  • Matthew 16:19 And I will give unto thee the keys of the kingdom of heaven: and whatsoever thou shalt bind on earth shall be bound in heaven: and whatsoever thou shalt loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven.
  • Luke 11:52 Woe unto you, lawyers! for ye have taken away the key of knowledge: ye entered not in yourselves, and them that were entering in ye hindered.
  • Revelation 3:7 And to the angel of the church in Philadelphia write; These things saith he that is holy, he that is true, he that hath the key of David, he that openeth, and no man shutteth; and shutteth, and no man openeth;

“pit” Greek G12 · used in 9 verses

  • Luke 8:31 And they besought him that he would not command them to go out into the deep.
  • Revelation 9:1 And the fifth angel sounded, and I saw a star fall from heaven unto the earth: and to him was given the key of the bottomless pit.
  • Revelation 11:7 And when they shall have finished their testimony, the beast that ascendeth out of the bottomless pit shall make war against them, and shall overcome them, and kill them.

“chain” Greek G254 · used in 10 verses

  • Mark 5:3 Who had his dwelling among the tombs; and no man could bind him, no, not with chains:
  • Acts 12:6 And when Herod would have brought him forth, the same night Peter was sleeping between two soldiers, bound with two chains: and the keepers before the door kept the prison.
  • Acts 28:20 For this cause therefore have I called for you, to see you, and to speak with you: because that for the hope of Israel I am bound with this chain.

“down” Greek G2597 · used in 80 verses

  • Matthew 3:16 And Jesus, when he was baptized, went up straightway out of the water: and, lo, the heavens were opened unto him, and he saw the Spirit of God descending like a dove, and lighting upon him:
  • Luke 19:6 And he made haste, and came down, and received him joyfully.
  • Acts 10:20 Arise therefore, and get thee down, and go with them, doubting nothing: for I have sent them.