Moab is confounded; for it is broken down: howl and cry; tell ye it in Arnon, that Moab is spoiled,

JEREMIAH 48:20KJV
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What does Jeremiah 48:20 mean?

Jeremiah 48:20 announces that Moab has been shamed and defeated, urging people to mourn and spread the news of Moab’s destruction as far as the region of Arnon. The verse is a public declaration of Moab’s downfall, calling for both lament and the sharing of this news.

Jeremiah is speaking as a prophet, delivering God’s message about the judgment coming upon the nation of Moab, a neighbor of Israel. The verse uses strong language to show the completeness of Moab’s defeat and the emotional response it should provoke. The mention of Arnon, a river marking Moab’s border, shows that the news of Moab’s ruin is meant to reach even the outermost parts of the land.

The Hebrew behind Jeremiah 48:20

  • "Confounded" (נִכְלְמָה, nikhl'mah) means to be put to shame or disgraced, highlighting the deep humiliation Moab experiences.
  • "Broken down" (חָתָה, chatat) is often used for being shattered or crushed, emphasizing the total collapse of Moab’s strength.
  • "Howl" (יָלַל, yalal) and "cry" (זָעַק, za'aq) are both strong words for loud, public mourning, showing that the response to Moab’s fall is not quiet grief but open, collective wailing.
  • "Tell" (נָגַד, nagad) means to announce or report, stressing the importance of spreading the news widely, not keeping it secret.
  • "Spoiled" (שָׁדַד, shadad) means to be devastated or laid waste, underlining the thoroughness of the destruction.

Why Jeremiah 48:20 matters

  • This verse makes clear that Moab’s defeat is not just a military loss but a public disgrace, meant to be witnessed and mourned by all.
  • The call to spread the news to Arnon shows that the judgment is not hidden or local but affects the whole region, signaling the end of Moab’s security.
  • In the larger context of Jeremiah 48, this verse is part of a series of oracles against Moab, showing that God’s judgment is thorough and that no part of Moab’s territory is untouched.

Where else these words appear

“Arnon” Hebrew H769 · used in 23 verses

  • Numbers 21:13 From thence they removed, and pitched on the other side of Arnon, which is in the wilderness that cometh out of the coasts of the Amorites: for Arnon is the border of Moab, between Moab and the Amorites.
  • Deuteronomy 2:36 From Aroer, which is by the brink of the river of Arnon, and from the city that is by the river, even unto Gilead, there was not one city too strong for us: the LORD our God delivered all unto us:
  • Joshua 13:9 From Aroer, that is upon the bank of the river Arnon, and the city that is in the midst of the river, and all the plain of Medeba unto Dibon;

“howl” Hebrew H3213 · used in 29 verses

  • Isaiah 13:6 Howl ye; for the day of the LORD is at hand; it shall come as a destruction from the Almighty.
  • Isaiah 52:5 Now therefore, what have I here, saith the LORD, that my people is taken away for nought? they that rule over them make them to howl, saith the LORD; and my name continually every day is blasphemed.
  • Ezekiel 21:12 Cry and howl, son of man: for it shall be upon my people, it shall be upon all the princes of Israel: terrors by reason of the sword shall be upon my people: smite therefore upon thy thigh.

“spoiled” Hebrew H7703 · used in 47 verses

  • Judges 5:27 At her feet he bowed, he fell, he lay down: at her feet he bowed, he fell: where he bowed, there he fell down dead.
  • Jeremiah 4:20 Destruction upon destruction is cried; for the whole land is spoiled: suddenly are my tents spoiled, and my curtains in a moment.
  • Jeremiah 49:3 Howl, O Heshbon, for Ai is spoiled: cry, ye daughters of Rabbah, gird you with sackcloth; lament, and run to and fro by the hedges; for their king shall go into captivity, and his priests and his princes together.

“down” Hebrew H2865 · used in 48 verses

  • Deuteronomy 1:21 Behold, the LORD thy God hath set the land before thee: go up and possess it, as the LORD God of thy fathers hath said unto thee; fear not, neither be discouraged.
  • Job 31:34 Did I fear a great multitude, or did the contempt of families terrify me, that I kept silence, and went not out of the door?
  • Jeremiah 14:4 Because the ground is chapt, for there was no rain in the earth, the plowmen were ashamed, they covered their heads.