The wicked man travaileth with pain all his days, and the number of years is hidden to the oppressor.

JOB 15:20KJV
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What does Job 15:20 mean?

Job 15:20 says that a wicked person suffers distress throughout his life, and the length of time he has left is unknown to him, especially if he is someone who oppresses others. The verse highlights the ongoing pain and uncertainty that mark the life of someone who does evil.

In this passage, Eliphaz is speaking to Job, arguing that suffering is the natural result for those who are wicked or oppressive. Eliphaz claims that the wicked are constantly troubled, suggesting their pain is both physical and mental, and that they cannot know how long their misery will last. This is part of Eliphaz’s larger attempt to explain suffering as a consequence of wrongdoing.

The Hebrew behind Job 15:20

  • "wicked" (רָשָׁע, rashaʿ): This word refers to someone who is morally wrong or guilty, emphasizing not just legal guilt but a deep-seated opposition to what is right.
  • "travaileth" (חוּל, chul): This verb often means to writhe or tremble, sometimes used for the pain of childbirth, highlighting intense, ongoing distress rather than a single moment of pain.
  • "hidden" (צָפַן, tsafan): This word means to hide or conceal, suggesting that the wicked oppressor cannot know or control the span of his own life, adding to his anxiety.

Why Job 15:20 matters

  • Job 15:20 clarifies that Eliphaz is not just making a general statement about suffering, but specifically tying ongoing pain and uncertainty to those who do wrong, especially oppressors.
  • The verse shows how Eliphaz views the world: he believes suffering is always a sign of personal guilt, which is a key theme in the book’s larger debate about why people suffer.
  • Understanding the original words for "travaileth" and "hidden" helps us see that the verse is about deep, ongoing turmoil and the fear of the unknown, not just physical pain or a vague sense of trouble.

Where else these words appear

“oppressor” Hebrew H6184 · used in 20 verses

  • Job 6:23 Or, Deliver me from the enemy's hand? or, Redeem me from the hand of the mighty?
  • Isaiah 13:11 And I will punish the world for their evil, and the wicked for their iniquity; and I will cause the arrogancy of the proud to cease, and will lay low the haughtiness of the terrible.
  • Isaiah 49:25 But thus saith the LORD, Even the captives of the mighty shall be taken away, and the prey of the terrible shall be delivered: for I will contend with him that contendeth with thee, and I will save thy children.

“hidden” Hebrew H6845 · used in 30 verses

  • Exodus 2:2 And the woman conceived, and bare a son: and when she saw him that he was a goodly child, she hid him three months.
  • Job 24:1 Why, seeing times are not hidden from the Almighty, do they that know him not see his days?
  • Proverbs 2:1 My son, if thou wilt receive my words, and hide my commandments with thee;

“travaileth” Hebrew H2342 · used in 58 verses

  • Genesis 8:10 And he stayed yet other seven days; and again he sent forth the dove out of the ark;
  • Psalms 29:9 The voice of the LORD maketh the hinds to calve, and discovereth the forests: and in his temple doth every one speak of his glory.
  • Isaiah 51:2 Look unto Abraham your father, and unto Sarah that bare you: for I called him alone, and blessed him, and increased him.

“number” Hebrew H4557 · used in 129 verses

  • Genesis 34:30 And Jacob said to Simeon and Levi, Ye have troubled me to make me to stink among the inhabitants of the land, among the Canaanites and the Perizzites: and I being few in number, they shall gather themselves together against me, and slay me; and I shall be destroyed, I and my house.
  • Deuteronomy 32:8 When the most High divided to the nations their inheritance, when he separated the sons of Adam, he set the bounds of the people according to the number of the children of Israel.
  • Ezra 2:2 Which came with Zerubbabel: Jeshua, Nehemiah, Seraiah, Reelaiah, Mordecai, Bilshan, Mispar, Bigvai, Rehum, Baanah. The number of the men of the people of Israel: