There shall the fire devour thee; the sword shall cut thee off, it shall eat thee up like the cankerworm: make thyself many as the cankerworm, make thyself many as the locusts.

NAHUM 3:15KJV
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What does Nahum 3:15 mean?

Nahum 3:15 warns that Nineveh will be destroyed by fire and sword, and that even if the people multiply like cankerworms or locusts, it will not save them from being consumed. The verse uses vivid images of unstoppable destruction to show that no amount of preparation or numbers can prevent Nineveh’s downfall.

The prophet Nahum is speaking to the city of Nineveh, the capital of Assyria, predicting its coming judgment. The verse uses the imagery of fire (a common symbol for total destruction) and the sword (representing violent defeat), then compares Nineveh’s people to cankerworms and locusts—creatures known for their swarming numbers—suggesting that even great numbers or efforts to multiply will be useless in the face of God’s judgment.

The Hebrew behind Nahum 3:15

  • fire (אֵשׁ, 'esh): This word means literal fire, often used in the Hebrew Bible to symbolize complete destruction or divine judgment. Here, it emphasizes the thoroughness of what Nineveh will face.
  • devour (אָכַל, 'akal): This verb means to eat or consume. The verse uses it twice, showing that the destruction will be as total as something being eaten up with nothing left behind.
  • cankerworm (יֶלֶק, yeleq): This is a type of locust or caterpillar that devours crops. The comparison suggests that even if Nineveh multiplies like these swarming insects, it will still be consumed.
  • many (כָּבֵד, kaved): This word means to be heavy or numerous. The verse repeats it to stress that multiplying in numbers, like cankerworms or locusts, will not help Nineveh escape destruction.

Why Nahum 3:15 matters

  • Nahum 3:15 makes clear that no human effort—no matter how many people or how much preparation—can stop the judgment that is coming to Nineveh.
  • The verse connects to the wider context of Nahum, where the prophet repeatedly uses images of nature and destruction to show the certainty and completeness of Nineveh’s fall.
  • The use of cankerworms and locusts, both known for overwhelming numbers, highlights the futility of relying on strength in numbers when facing divine judgment.

Where else these words appear

“cankerworm” Hebrew H3218 · used in 7 verses

  • Psalms 105:34 He spake, and the locusts came, and caterpillers, and that without number,
  • Jeremiah 51:27 Set ye up a standard in the land, blow the trumpet among the nations, prepare the nations against her, call together against her the kingdoms of Ararat, Minni, and Ashchenaz; appoint a captain against her; cause the horses to come up as the rough caterpillers.
  • Joel 2:25 And I will restore to you the years that the locust hath eaten, the cankerworm, and the caterpiller, and the palmerworm, my great army which I sent among you.

“locusts” Hebrew H697 · used in 21 verses

  • Exodus 10:4 Else, if thou refuse to let my people go, behold, to morrow will I bring the locusts into thy coast:
  • Deuteronomy 28:38 Thou shalt carry much seed out into the field, and shalt gather but little in; for the locust shall consume it.
  • Psalms 105:34 He spake, and the locusts came, and caterpillers, and that without number,

“many” Hebrew H3513 · used in 109 verses

  • Genesis 13:2 And Abram was very rich in cattle, in silver, and in gold.
  • 2 Samuel 6:22 And I will yet be more vile than thus, and will be base in mine own sight: and of the maidservants which thou hast spoken of, of them shall I be had in honour.
  • Proverbs 8:24 When there were no depths, I was brought forth; when there were no fountains abounding with water.