The lips of the righteous feed many: but fools die for want of wisdom.

PROVERBS 10:21KJV
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What does Proverbs 10:21 mean?

Proverbs 10:21 says that the words of people who do what is right help and sustain many others, but those who act foolishly end up dying because they lack understanding. The verse draws a sharp contrast between the life-giving influence of wise, righteous speech and the destructive outcome of foolishness.

Proverbs is a collection of wise sayings, mostly attributed to Solomon, meant to teach practical wisdom for daily life. In this verse, the focus is on how a righteous person's words ("the lips of the righteous") can nourish and guide others, while fools suffer because they do not have the wisdom they need to live well. The verse highlights the real impact words and wisdom can have on a community.

The Hebrew behind Proverbs 10:21

  • "feed" (רָעָה, ra‘ah): This word often means to shepherd, tend, or care for, not just to give food. Here, it suggests that the righteous guide and care for others with their words, much like a shepherd looks after sheep.
  • "want" (חָסֵר, chaser): This word means to lack or be without. The verse says fools die because they are missing wisdom, not just making a mistake—they are lacking something essential for life.
  • "wisdom" (לֵב, lev): While often translated "heart," in Hebrew thought this word points to the mind, understanding, or inner wisdom. The verse is not just about knowledge, but about a deep, guiding understanding.

Why Proverbs 10:21 matters

  • Proverbs 10:21 clarifies that wisdom is not just for personal benefit; the words of the righteous can actually sustain and help many others, showing the communal value of wise living.
  • The verse warns that lacking wisdom is not a small flaw—according to this proverb, it leads to ruin or even death, stressing how serious the consequences of foolishness can be.
  • This proverb fits into a larger section contrasting the outcomes of wisdom and folly, helping readers see that everyday choices about words and attitudes have real, lasting effects.

Where else these words appear

“want” Hebrew H2638 · used in 19 verses

  • 1 Samuel 21:15 Have I need of mad men, that ye have brought this fellow to play the mad man in my presence? shall this fellow come into my house?
  • Proverbs 9:4 Whoso is simple, let him turn in hither: as for him that wanteth understanding, she saith to him,
  • Proverbs 15:21 Folly is joy to him that is destitute of wisdom: but a man of understanding walketh uprightly.

“fools” Hebrew H191 · used in 26 verses

  • Job 5:2 For wrath killeth the foolish man, and envy slayeth the silly one.
  • Proverbs 11:29 He that troubleth his own house shall inherit the wind: and the fool shall be servant to the wise of heart.
  • Proverbs 20:3 It is an honour for a man to cease from strife: but every fool will be meddling.

“feed” Hebrew H7462 · used in 144 verses

  • Genesis 4:2 And she again bare his brother Abel. And Abel was a keeper of sheep, but Cain was a tiller of the ground.
  • Psalms 37:3 Trust in the LORD, and do good; so shalt thou dwell in the land, and verily thou shalt be fed.
  • Jeremiah 33:12 Thus saith the LORD of hosts; Again in this place, which is desolate without man and without beast, and in all the cities thereof, shall be an habitation of shepherds causing their flocks to lie down.