1 Samuel 20:17 (KJV)

What does 1 Samuel 20:17 mean?

1 Samuel 20:17 describes Jonathan asking David to make a promise again, because Jonathan cared deeply for David—he loved him as much as he loved his own life. The verse highlights the strong, personal bond between Jonathan and David, showing that Jonathan’s loyalty was rooted in genuine affection.

In this scene, Jonathan, the son of King Saul, is speaking to David, who is being threatened by Saul. Jonathan wants David to swear an oath of friendship and loyalty, reinforcing their covenant. The verse emphasizes that Jonathan’s motivation is his deep love for David, which is described as equal to the love he has for himself.

The Hebrew behind 1 Samuel 20:17

• "Swear" (שָׁבַע, shava): This word means to make an oath or solemn promise. Jonathan is not just asking for a casual agreement, but a binding commitment.
• "Again" (יָסַף, yasaf): This word means "to add" or "to do again." Jonathan is having David repeat or renew the oath, showing how important and serious this promise is to him.
• "Loved" (אָהַב, ahav): Used multiple times here, this word means a deep, loyal love. The repetition stresses the intensity and sincerity of Jonathan’s feelings.
• "Soul" (נֶפֶשׁ, nefesh): This word often means "life" or "self." Jonathan’s love for David is described as being as strong as his instinct to protect his own life.

Why 1 Samuel 20:17 matters

• This verse clears up any idea that Jonathan’s loyalty to David was just political or formal; it was deeply personal and heartfelt.
• The repeated use of the word for love (אָהַב, ahav) highlights the rare depth of friendship and loyalty between Jonathan and David, which is a central theme in their story.
• The verse connects to the wider passage by showing why Jonathan risks so much for David—his actions come from genuine love, not just duty or obligation.