For a multitude of the people, even many of Ephraim, and Manasseh, Issachar, and Zebulun, had not cleansed themselves, yet did they eat the passover otherwise than it was written. But Hezekiah prayed for them, saying, The good LORD pardon every one

2 CHRONICLES 30:18KJV
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What does 2 Chronicles 30:18 mean?

2 Chronicles 30:18 describes how many people from the tribes of Ephraim, Manasseh, Issachar, and Zebulun ate the Passover meal without following the proper purification rituals, but King Hezekiah prayed that the LORD would forgive them. The verse shows that, even though they did not keep the written requirements, Hezekiah asked God to pardon them because of their sincere participation.

The setting is during King Hezekiah’s reign, as he invites people from the northern tribes to join a Passover celebration in Jerusalem. Many who came had not "cleansed themselves" according to the law, but they still took part in the meal. Hezekiah, acting as a caring leader, intercedes for them, asking God to show mercy despite their ritual shortcomings.

The Hebrew behind 2 Chronicles 30:18

  • "Cleansed" (טָהֵר, ṭāhēr): This word means to be ritually pure or clean. The verse points out that many had not performed the necessary purification, which was required before eating the Passover.
  • "Pardon" (כָּפַר, kāphar): This word means to cover, forgive, or make atonement. Hezekiah’s prayer uses this term, showing he is asking God to overlook or forgive their failure to follow the ritual law.
  • "Passover" (פֶּסַח, pesach): This is the special meal remembering Israel’s deliverance from Egypt. The fact that people ate it "otherwise than it was written" highlights their irregular participation, which was not according to the strict rules.

Why 2 Chronicles 30:18 matters

  • The verse clarifies that ritual purity was a serious requirement for Passover, but Hezekiah’s prayer shows that a sincere heart and desire to worship mattered greatly as well.
  • It highlights Hezekiah’s role as an intercessor, caring for the spiritual well-being of his people and seeking God’s mercy for their shortcomings.
  • This verse connects to the wider chapter, which emphasizes unity and the gathering of all Israel for worship, even as some participants struggled to meet every legal detail.

Where else these words appear

“multitude” Hebrew H4768 · used in 5 verses

  • Leviticus 25:37 Thou shalt not give him thy money upon usury, nor lend him thy victuals for increase.
  • 1 Samuel 2:33 And the man of thine, whom I shall not cut off from mine altar, shall be to consume thine eyes, and to grieve thine heart: and all the increase of thine house shall die in the flower of their age.
  • 1 Chronicles 12:29 And of the children of Benjamin, the kindred of Saul, three thousand: for hitherto the greatest part of them had kept the ward of the house of Saul.

“Issachar” Hebrew H3485 · used in 40 verses

  • Genesis 30:18 And Leah said, God hath given me my hire, because I have given my maiden to my husband: and she called his name Issachar.
  • Numbers 26:25 These are the families of Issachar according to those that were numbered of them, threescore and four thousand and three hundred.
  • 1 Kings 15:27 And Baasha the son of Ahijah, of the house of Issachar, conspired against him; and Baasha smote him at Gibbethon, which belonged to the Philistines; for Nadab and all Israel laid siege to Gibbethon.

“Hezekiah” Hebrew H3169 · used in 42 verses

  • 2 Kings 20:10 And Hezekiah answered, It is a light thing for the shadow to go down ten degrees: nay, but let the shadow return backward ten degrees.
  • 2 Chronicles 31:8 And when Hezekiah and the princes came and saw the heaps, they blessed the LORD, and his people Israel.
  • 2 Chronicles 32:23 And many brought gifts unto the LORD to Jerusalem, and presents to Hezekiah king of Judah: so that he was magnified in the sight of all nations from thenceforth.

“Zebulun” Hebrew H2074 · used in 43 verses

  • Genesis 30:20 And Leah said, God hath endued me with a good dowry; now will my husband dwell with me, because I have born him six sons: and she called his name Zebulun.
  • Deuteronomy 27:13 And these shall stand upon mount Ebal to curse; Reuben, Gad, and Asher, and Zebulun, Dan, and Naphtali.
  • Judges 12:12 And Elon the Zebulonite died, and was buried in Aijalon in the country of Zebulun.