After all this, when Josiah had prepared the temple, Necho king of Egypt came up to fight against Carchemish by Euphrates: and Josiah went out against him.

2 CHRONICLES 35:20KJV
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What does 2 Chronicles 35:20 mean?

2 Chronicles 35:20 describes how, after King Josiah finished preparing the temple in Jerusalem, Necho, the king of Egypt, marched out to fight at Carchemish near the Euphrates River, and Josiah went out to confront him. This verse marks the beginning of a new conflict involving Josiah and foreign powers after his religious reforms.

The setting is the kingdom of Judah, with Josiah as king, following a period of temple restoration and religious renewal. The verse shifts the focus from Josiah’s internal reforms to an external military event, introducing Necho of Egypt as a major figure. The mention of Carchemish and the Euphrates situates the action in the broader international politics of the time, as Egypt and other empires fought for control in the region.

The Hebrew behind 2 Chronicles 35:20

  • נְכוֹ (Nekho; Necho): This is the Hebrew name for the Egyptian king, Pharaoh Necho II, who played a significant role in the region’s history. His campaign northward was part of a larger struggle between Egypt and Babylon.
  • קַרְכְּמִישׁ (Karkemish; Carchemish): This was a major city on the Euphrates River, a strategic location in ancient warfare. Its mention shows the scale and importance of the conflict.
  • יָצָא (yatsa’; went out): This word is used for Josiah’s action of going out to confront Necho, suggesting a deliberate decision to engage rather than defend or avoid.

Why 2 Chronicles 35:20 matters

  • This verse shifts the narrative from Josiah’s religious leadership to his role in international affairs, setting up the events that lead to his death.
  • It clarifies that Josiah’s confrontation with Necho was not part of defending Jerusalem directly, but rather an intervention in a larger conflict between Egypt and other empires.
  • The verse connects Josiah’s story to the broader history of the ancient Near East, showing how Judah was affected by the ambitions of greater powers like Egypt and Babylon.

Where else these words appear

“Necho” Hebrew H5224 · used in 3 verses

  • 2 Chronicles 35:22 Nevertheless Josiah would not turn his face from him, but disguised himself, that he might fight with him, and hearkened not unto the words of Necho from the mouth of God, and came to fight in the valley of Megiddo.
  • 2 Chronicles 36:4 And the king of Egypt made Eliakim his brother king over Judah and Jerusalem, and turned his name to Jehoiakim. And Necho took Jehoahaz his brother, and carried him to Egypt.

“Carchemish” Hebrew H3751 · used in 3 verses

  • Isaiah 10:9 Is not Calno as Carchemish? is not Hamath as Arpad? is not Samaria as Damascus?
  • Jeremiah 46:2 Against Egypt, against the army of Pharaohnecho king of Egypt, which was by the river Euphrates in Carchemish, which Nebuchadrezzar king of Babylon smote in the fourth year of Jehoiakim the son of Josiah king of Judah.

“Euphrates” Hebrew H6578 · used in 19 verses

  • Genesis 2:14 And the name of the third river is Hiddekel: that is it which goeth toward the east of Assyria. And the fourth river is Euphrates.
  • 2 Kings 23:29 In his days Pharaohnechoh king of Egypt went up against the king of Assyria to the river Euphrates: and king Josiah went against him; and he slew him at Megiddo, when he had seen him.
  • Jeremiah 13:6 And it came to pass after many days, that the LORD said unto me, Arise, go to Euphrates, and take the girdle from thence, which I commanded thee to hide there.

“Josiah” Hebrew H2977 · used in 48 verses

  • 1 Kings 13:2 And he cried against the altar in the word of the LORD, and said, O altar, altar, thus saith the LORD; Behold, a child shall be born unto the house of David, Josiah by name; and upon thee shall he offer the priests of the high places that burn incense upon thee, and men's bones shall be burnt upon thee.
  • 2 Chronicles 33:25 But the people of the land slew all them that had conspired against king Amon; and the people of the land made Josiah his son king in his stead.
  • Jeremiah 3:6 The LORD said also unto me in the days of Josiah the king, Hast thou seen that which backsliding Israel hath done? she is gone up upon every high mountain and under every green tree, and there hath played the harlot.