But Amnon had a friend, whose name was Jonadab, the son of Shimeah David's brother: and Jonadab was a very subtil man.

2 SAMUEL 13:3KJV
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What does 2 Samuel 13:3 mean?

2 Samuel 13:3 introduces Jonadab, who is described as a very subtle or crafty man and a friend of Amnon, King David’s son. This verse sets up Jonadab’s role as someone who will influence Amnon’s actions in the events that follow.

In the story, Amnon is troubled by his feelings for his half-sister Tamar. The verse points out that Jonadab, a relative (the son of David’s brother Shimeah), is not just a companion but someone known for his cleverness or cunning. This detail signals to the reader that Jonadab’s advice or involvement will be significant in what happens next.

The Hebrew behind 2 Samuel 13:3

  • "Friend" (רֵעַ, re'a): This word means more than just an acquaintance; it often refers to a close companion or confidant, highlighting the trust Amnon placed in Jonadab.
  • "Very" (מְאֹד, me'od): This intensifies the description of Jonadab, emphasizing just how clever or shrewd he was.
  • "Subtil" (חָכָם, chakam): While often translated as "wise," in this context it carries the sense of being crafty or cunning, not necessarily in a positive way. This hints that Jonadab’s wisdom is used for manipulation rather than good.

Why 2 Samuel 13:3 matters

  • The verse warns the reader to pay attention to Jonadab’s influence, suggesting that his advice may not be trustworthy or wise in a moral sense.
  • By calling Jonadab "very subtil," the verse prepares the reader for the morally complicated actions that will follow, showing that not all wisdom or cleverness leads to good outcomes.
  • This introduction connects to the larger story by foreshadowing the tragic events that Jonadab’s counsel will set in motion, highlighting the dangers of listening to cunning advice.

Where else these words appear

“Shimeah” Hebrew H8093 · used in 2 verses

  • 2 Samuel 13:32 And Jonadab, the son of Shimeah David's brother, answered and said, Let not my lord suppose that they have slain all the young men the king's sons; for Amnon only is dead: for by the appointment of Absalom this hath been determined from the day that he forced his sister Tamar.

“Jonadab” Hebrew H3122 · used in 6 verses

  • 2 Samuel 13:32 And Jonadab, the son of Shimeah David's brother, answered and said, Let not my lord suppose that they have slain all the young men the king's sons; for Amnon only is dead: for by the appointment of Absalom this hath been determined from the day that he forced his sister Tamar.
  • 2 Samuel 13:35 And Jonadab said unto the king, Behold, the king's sons come: as thy servant said, so it is.
  • Jeremiah 35:10 But we have dwelt in tents, and have obeyed, and done according to all that Jonadab our father commanded us.

“Amnon” Hebrew H550 · used in 22 verses

  • 2 Samuel 3:2 And unto David were sons born in Hebron: and his firstborn was Amnon, of Ahinoam the Jezreelitess;
  • 2 Samuel 13:9 And she took a pan, and poured them out before him; but he refused to eat. And Amnon said, Have out all men from me. And they went out every man from him.
  • 2 Samuel 13:28 Now Absalom had commanded his servants, saying, Mark ye now when Amnon's heart is merry with wine, and when I say unto you, Smite Amnon; then kill him, fear not: have not I commanded you? be courageous, and be valiant.

“subtil” Hebrew H2450 · used in 133 verses

  • Genesis 41:8 And it came to pass in the morning that his spirit was troubled; and he sent and called for all the magicians of Egypt, and all the wise men thereof: and Pharaoh told them his dream; but there was none that could interpret them unto Pharaoh.
  • Proverbs 3:35 The wise shall inherit glory: but shame shall be the promotion of fools.
  • Ecclesiastes 2:16 For there is no remembrance of the wise more than of the fool for ever; seeing that which now is in the days to come shall all be forgotten. And how dieth the wise man? as the fool.